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Virtualization has been widely used as a key technology in cloud computing. Although facilitating the deployment of applications, virtualization introduces huge processing overheads, among which is network I/O virtualization that has become a critical bottleneck of a virtual system. DPDK-vhost is currently the fastest para-virtualized network I/O backend, however it performs poorly when exchanging...
Remote DMA (RDMA) engines are widely used in clusters/data-centres to improve the performance of data transfers between applications running on different nodes of a computing system. RDMAs are today supported by most network architectures and distributed programming models. However, with the massive usage of virtualization most applications will use RDMAs from virtual machines, and the virtualization...
Virtualization is a key technology in research fields such as cloud computing, big data and new networks. A lot of cloud computing platforms, data centers, intranets and test environments of networks developed in recent years all depend on virtualization. Virtualization technology has become a hot research focus in computer industry because of its flexibility and wide application. By analyzing the...
Recent years witness the successful application of Cloud computing. Virtualization plays a key role in cloud computing and greatly facilitates application deployment and migration. Tenants' applications are hosted by virtual machines. The security and safety of user applications receive much attention from academia and industry. However, fault tolerance and availability issues of cloud applications...
Bare-metal clouds are an emerging and attractive platform for cloud users who demand extreme computer performance. Bare-metal clouds lease physical machines rather than virtual machines, eliminating a virtualization overhead and providing maximum computer hardware performance. Therefore, bare-metal clouds are suitable for applications that require intensive, consistent, and predictable performance,...
Existing cloud gaming platforms have mainly focused on private nonvirtualized environments with proprietary hardware. Modern public cloud platforms heavily rely on virtualization for efficient resource sharing, the potentials of which have yet to be explored. Migrating gaming to a public cloud is nontrivial, however, particularly considering the overhead for virtualization and that the graphics processing...
Recently, solid state drives (SSDs) are replacing hard disk drives (HDDs) in datacenter storage systems in order to reduce power consumption and improve I/O performance. Additionally, in order to mitigate the performance bottleneck at I/O interface between host and SSD, the PCIe-leveraging NVMe SSD is emerging for datacenter SSDs. The NVMe interface supports the I/O virtualization mechanism called...
Converged Enhanced Ethernet (CEE) presents challenges to PCIe devices. The single-root I/O virtualization (SR-IOV) standard allows a PCIe device to be efficiently shared among Virtual Machines (VMs), without performance loss. We propose a design method for FCoE adapter. Based on the designed allocation scheme for Receive and Transmit queues, we put forward an allocation model from Virtual Functions...
Virtual switches, like Open vSwitch, have emerged as an important part of cloud networking architectures. They connect interfaces of virtual machines and establish the connection to the outer network via physical network interface cards. Today, all important cloud frameworks support Open vSwitch as the default virtual switch. However, general understanding about the performance implications of Open...
Due to the thriving of the mobile devices market, there has been a great momentum in adopting Java technology in embedded mobile devices where optimizing energy consumptions extremely critical. However, since Java Virtual Machines(JVMs) are conventionally used for server side clusters, the energy and memory tradeoffs on embedded devices are not well understood. In this work, we attempt to find out...
VFIO (Virtual Function I/O) is a Linux kernel infrastructure that allows to leverage the capabilities of modern IOMMUs to drive a device directly from user space without any additional specialized kernel driver being involved. When used by QEMU/KVM, a device can be assigned to a guest VM, allowing to transparently handle all aspects of communication with the device, including DMA mapping, MMIO range...
It has been widely accepted that software virtualization has a big negative impact on high-performance computing (HPC) application performance. This work explores the potential use of Infiniband hardware virtualization in an Open Nebula cloud towards the efficient support of MPI-based workloads. We have implemented, deployed, and tested an Infiniband network on the Fermi Cloud private Infrastructure-as-a-Service...
In recent years, virtualization technology enables multiple virtual machines to run on a physical machine, where each virtual machine can run independently and own its operating system. Virtualization technology has been adopted in many IT industries because of its ability to improve hardware resource utilization, achieve low-power consumption, simplify server management, and reduce maintenance cost...
With the ability to provide on-demand service and to reduce the IT cost, cloud computing becomes more and more popular recently. Virtualization is one of the important technologies in cloud computing, whose main idea is to provide abstractions of the physical resources. However, such abstraction can cause performance degradation, especially for I/O virtualization, which is usually the performance...
IT organizations are taking advantage of virtualization to consolidate server infrastructure, reduce power consumption, cooling and management costs, and provide simpler and more affordable solutions for high availability, load balancing and disaster recovery [1]. One of the challenges with Virtualization Technology today is: delivering fast and scalable I/O bandwidth for virtualized servers. This...
In this paper we present three virtualization devices (Xen server, NetFPGA and EZ appliance) which have been used for implementation of data plane functionality in a Future Internet architecture, the IIP System. We give general description of these devices and present implementation of the IIP System node on each device.
Simulation is a common approach for assisting system design and optimization. For system-wide optimization, energy and computational resources are often the two most critical limitations. Modeling energy-states of each hardware component and time spent in each state is needed for accurate energy and performance prediction. Tracking software execution in a realistic operating environment with properly...
Sequential or single-threaded programming is already a complicated task. The shift to multithreaded programming only increases complexity, cost and code of the program and moreover increases the effort required for debugging, to avoid deadlocks, race conditions and other problems associated with the parallel programs. In this paper we present a comprehensive evaluation methodology to benchmark the...
In the Cloud, the operators usually offer resources on a pay per use price model. The client gets access to a newly created virtual machine and has no direct access to the underlying hardware. Therefore, the client cannot verify whether the Cloud operator provides the negotiated amount of resources or only a fraction thereof. Especially, the assigned share of CPU time can be easily forged by the operator...
Cloud computing offers a paradigm shift in management of computing resources for large-scale applications. Using the Infrastructure-as-a-service (IaaS) cloud computing model, users today can request dynamically provisioned, virtualized resources such as CPU, memory, disk, and network access in the form of virtualized resources. The client typically requests resources based on computational needs and...
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