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In this paper, we use a Spectrum Sharing/allocation algorithm to implement a Cognitive Radio network without spectral awareness. This allows radio resources to be allocated to primary users and to secondary users in such a way that primary system and secondary system are aware of each other. By doing this, sensing of spectrum holes is avoided but the primary users will be protected and will always...
Among the many problems faced in the world of wireless Technology, the most significant one is spectrum scarcity. In terms of pure facts, the TRAI auction of spectrum bands scheduled in 2016 will generate a base price of 5.36 Lakh crores which is more than twice the revenue of major telecom providers which is around 2.5 lakh crores. This Paper proposes an algorithm which guides efficient utilization...
Security is a fundamental problem facing wireless systems employing spectrum sharing, and thus scanning algorithms are used to detect malicious or illegal activity in such systems. A crucial issue in designing such algorithms is incorporating knowledge about the environment, as well as what knowledge an adversary might have, into the scanning algorithm to improve detection performance. In particular,...
In this paper, we study spectrum trading in cognitive radio (CR) networks with multiple primary services (PSs) and multiple secondary services (SSs) from a game-theoretic perspective. We propose a multistage Bayesian game-based trading model which accounts for unknown private information of players (for example, the number of user connections in PSs may be unknown to the SSs) as in practical network...
Recently, cognitive radio technology has been a lot of attention to improve bandwidth efficiency. In this paper, we propose an adaptive bandwidth management scheme based on the mechanism design and negotiation theory. According to the user`s utility, QoS and trust value, the proposed scheme allocates total resources while dynamically controlling the selfish users. In addition, proposed scheme is able...
Spectrum sharing between primary users (PUs) and secondary users (SUs) can be realized using economic approaches. In this paper, we propose a method for multiple PUs to share with multiple SUs different idle channels in overlapped licensed areas. Due to the fluctuations of supply and demand in different areas, the SUs are grouped according to their suppliers and the PUs set channel transaction quotas...
In this paper, we investigate the optimal spectrum procurement and pricing from the perspective of a cognitive mobile virtual network operator (C-MVNO), which is a second market between the spectrum owner and the secondary users (SUs). The spectrum procurement consists of spectrum leasing and spectrum sensing, where the latter has uncertain outcome. The SUs are assumed to be heterogeneous in their...
Current coexistence protocols employed for contention by collocated Cognitive Radio Networks (CRN), such as the IEEE 802.22 WRAN, assume that the contending networks do not have any preference over the set of available channels. Having channels with different quality parameters can lead to an imbalance in contention for disparate channels, degraded quality of service and an overall inefficient utilization...
Cooperative cognitive radio network (CCRN) has gained much attention in the literature of wireless communication. In CCRN, cooperative relaying stimulates primary user (PU) to lease more spectrum to secondary users (SUs). This paper proposes a two stage joint power and spectrum allocation scheme for a CCRN. In the proposed scheme, PU leases unused licensed spectrum to multiple SUs using the frequency...
This paper studies spectrum trading in cognitive radio networks in which multiple service providers (SPs) sell unused spectrum to multiple unlicensed secondary users (SUs). Motivated by the nature of the problem with new considerations, spectrum trading is modeled as a multi-leader multi-follower expected Stackelberg game with two levels of competition. The SPs as leaders compete in offering subscription...
Emerging standards in Cognitive Radio seek to alleviate the problem of spectrum scarcity by leveraging spectrum under-utilization through dynamic spectrum access (DSA). Unlicensed users (“secondary”) may opportunistically make use of channels during times when the licensed (“primary”) user is absent. The “open access” paradigm proposed by FCC mandates the study of primary-secondary dynamics, as well...
Spectrum shortage and low spectrum utilization have attracted much attention. In order to meet the communication demands of users, the dynamic and efficient spectrum management scheme with cognitive radio technology has been used. Spectrum share is the key component in the dynamic spectrum management. To enable cognitive user (CU) to share spectrum fairly, an evolutionary game-based spectrum sharing...
This paper presents a bandwidth allocation and pricing framework for the spectrum underlay in cognitive radio networks. We assume that a cognitive radio network containing a set of primary users coexists with secondary users in an underlay spectrum sharing paradigm. Primary users use licensed bands of the spectrum while secondary users choose among the bands available on sale based on their prices...
In recent years, the problem of spectrum mobility in Cognitive Radio (CR) Networks has been widely investigated. In order to fully utilize spectrum resources, many spectrum handoff techniques based on game theory have been proposed, but most studies only concern how to achieve better payoffs for users, without paying much attention to the Quality of Service (QoS). Thus, we propose a new channel switching...
In this paper, we consider a cellular based primary network coexisting with a secondary network. The primary network consists of multiple service providers (SP) and there are several independent users in the secondary network. The SP are operating on the different frequency spectrum and a group of secondary users intend to share these spectrum with the primary services. This situation is formulated...
This paper studies the effect of the different pricing games played by the primary user (PU) operators on the profit of both the PU networks and the cognitive base station (CBS). We show that the price achieved by the PU operators in the collusion game (called the Pareto point) is the maximum price that can be achieved in the competitive game when the substitutability parameter is higher than zero...
In this paper, we study how to improve the usage of wireless spectrum for secondary users (SUs) in cognitive radio networks (CRNs) by cooperative transmissions. There are two types of cooperation in CRNs, namely, vertical cooperation, which takes place between primary users (PUs) and SUs, and horizontal cooperation, which occurs among SUs. For vertical cooperation, PUs can lease their frequency bandwidth...
Dynamic spectrum sharing plays a critical role in cognitive radio for the efficient spectrum utilization. In this paper, we consider a cooperative spectrum leasing model, in which the primary user (PU) may lease part of its bandwidth to the secondary user (SU) in exchange for the cooperation to maximize its power saving, under the constraint that its target is guaranteed. In return, the SU can take...
The concept of cognitive radio (CR) technology is emerging as a new paradigm for designing next generation wireless networks with dynamic spectrum sharing. Game theory is one of key mathematical tools to model and analyze the spectrum sharing process. In this paper, an environment where multiple licensed service providers compete to sell spectrum to infrastructure based CR networks is investigated...
We propose algorithms to address the channel allocation and fairness issues of multi band multiuser cognitive ad-hoc networks. Nodes in the network have unequal channel access probability and have no prior information about the offered bandwidth or number of users in the multiple access system. In that nodes use reinforcement learning algorithm to predict future channel selection probability from...
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