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In recent years, West Nile virus (WNV) has emerged as a major cause of encephalitis in the United States. However, the neuropathogenesis of this flavivirus is poorly understood. In the present study, the authors used primary human brain cell cultures to investigate two neuropathogenic features: viral replication and induction of cytokines. Although neurons and astrocytes were found to support productive...
Glial cells function as sensors for infection within the brain and produce cytokines to limit viral replication and spread. We examined both cytokine (TNF-α, IL-1β, and IL-6) and chemokine (MCP-1, MlP-1α, RANTES, and IL-8) production by primary human glial cells in response to cytomegalovirus (CMV). Although CMV-infected astrocytes did not produce antiviral cytokines, they generated significant quantities...
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