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We report on a precise in situ procedure to calibrate the heat flux sensor of a near-field scanning thermal microscope [1, 2]. This microscope is based on a scanning tunneling microscope which is equipped with a sub-micro sized, coaxial thermocouple with a tip apex radius of about 30 nm. The microscope is able to measure lateral changes in heat transfer with a resolution of about 7nm [3, 4]. The calibration...
We propose a novel catheter type of flow sensor as a tool for trans-bronchial measurement. An on-wall in-tube thermal flow sensor is mounted on the inside of a tube, and it is used as a diagnostic tool in a bronchoscope. The external diameter of the tube is less than a few mm, and therefore, it can evaluate the flow characteristics in the bronchiole. The relationship between the input power of the...
We report on the design and experimental validation of a distributed Brillouin-based optical fiber sensor embedded into concrete structures for temperature and strain measurement. A composite-made wave-like coating designed by finite-element analysis ensures the sensor is transferring optimally temperature and strain fields from the concrete to the optical fiber, where Brillouin scattering takes place...
This paper describes and discusses a novel approach that uses artificial neural networks (ANN) to extend the measurement range of fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) interrogators based on fixed narrowband filter demodulation. Interrogators with fixed spectral filters use only one edge of the filter to demodulate the signal. The proposed method uses narrowband FBG's filters, where both edges of the entire...
In deep submicron era, to prevent larger amount of SRAM from more frequently encountered overheating problems and react accordingly for each possible hotspots, multiple ideal run-time temperature sensors must be closely located and response rapidly to secure system reliability while maintaining core frequency. This paper presented a method to extract run-time temperature information from multiple...
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