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Grounding systems such as vertical and horizontal electrodes, and grids are installed in the soil to mitigate against the effects of system faults and lightning surges. Their main function is to dissipate lightning and fault currents into the earth without generating any hazardous potential differences between different contacts points of grounded structures and the earth that may be bridged by people...
This paper investigates the effect of the return current path on the impulse characteristics of practical tower footings. A new circular ring electrode system is used as a return electrode for measuring the impulse response of earth electrodes. Initial measurements and computer simulations show that this system makes the current flow radially away from the electrode and dissipates more evenly in the...
There have been virtually no reports on the origin of environmental magnetic fields which act as noise sources in biomagnetic measurements, despite its importance to the design of magnetic shielded rooms and to the quality of signals obtained in biomagnetics experiments. In this paper, the measured variation of environmental magnetic fields at three locations-- Tokyo Denki University, Hokkaido University,...
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