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As the distributed generators are connected together through inverter interface in the microgrid, the control of the control of the interface inverter has an important influence on the operating performance of microgrid. In the paper, the study focuses on the control of the interfaced inverter, when microgrid operates in the islanded mode. In order to make the microgrid property similar to the utility...
Traditional microgrids have sources whose transient response is limited by process or mechanical time constants depending on the technology used. Inverter based sources provide the flexibility in designing and tuning the controller parameters so as to operate microgrid within specified constraint in voltage and frequency. For this it is imperative to investigate the effect of controller parameters...
This paper proposes average inverter model operating in two complementary modes suitable for microgrid simulation applications. Three phase voltage source inverter (VSI) connects to the microgrid through an LCL low pass filter and operates either in current controlled (CC) or voltage controlled (VC) mode. Models presented here take into account the nonlinear behavior of the switches, delays in the...
In droop-controlled inverter-based microgrids, component mismatches and parameter drifts may have a significant effect on system stability. Analyzing this practical and important problem, it is shown that droop control is sensitive to such drifts and certain conditions have to be satisfied to maintain stability. Furthermore, these mismatches lead to a deviation in power sharing between the droop-controlled...
Virtual impedance (VI) loops are frequently employed in droop based controllers for grid-connected inverters so as to improve the dynamic response which can be very oscillatory when large droop factors are used. They neither yield active power losses nor reactive power demand but they tend to create a drop in the bus voltage. This paper discusses an approach based on phase shifting the reference voltage,...
Renewable energy sources such as Solar, wind etc. have gained a lot of interest and application in the recent years, as they can provide electric power on a large scale and are environment friendly. The advancement in the technology of these renewable energy systems has been investigated now a days with a lot of interest. An integral component of the power electronics system that interfaces a renewable...
Droop control and some improved droop control methods are adopted to control microgrid inverters not only in island mode, but also in grid-connected mode. This paper presents a state space model of three phase paralleled inverters in grid-connected microgrid based on droop control to facilitate the control design and stability analysis. This model is established in rotation framework based on modern...
Microgrids (MG) are distribution systems that contain Dispersed Generations (DGs), Energy Storage Systems (ESS) and loads. Voltage source inverters are commonly used to connect the generation units to the MG. The demand active and reactive power of the MG is dispatched through these inverters. Without using any controller, an increment in active and reactive power leads to frequency and voltage drop...
It is known that active rectifier loads present a negative incremental resistance and have control loop dynamics similar to inverters that may supply a microgrid. To investigate this, a small-signal model of an active rectifier load within a microgrid is developed. The active rectifier load and microgrid are modeled in the synchronous (DQ) reference frame. A participation analysis of the model is...
This paper focus on the influence of filter dynamics on the performance and stability of current control loops of three-phase, pulse-width modulation (PWM) voltage source inverters (VSIs) in grid-connected operating mode. The analysis considers the application of those devices in microgrids. Based on a detailed state-space model of VSIs and their companion filters, enhanced controller design techniques...
A novel droop controller is developed employing parallel voltage and current control algorithms. P-F droop is performed by a voltage controller in the direct axis of the rotating reference frame, whilst Q-V droop is achieved via a deadbeat current controller in the quadrature axis. Simulation and hardware results are presented to demonstrate the control schemes ability to provide matched and mismatched...
This paper studies the transient stability of the micro-grid supplied by multiple distributed generations, which are interfaced by synchronous generator and inverters. The study is performed by DIgSILENT Power Factory 14.0 and the IEEE 37-node distribution system is used for simulations. The three-phase-to-ground short-circuit fault is applied when doing the following work. The transient behaviors...
Microgrids usually have limited power generation capacity, and are networked together to meet the small area's load demand in a cooperative way. This paper considers using an event-triggered distributed optimization algorithm to solve the optimal power flow (OPF) problem in microgrids. Under event-triggering, each subsystem broadcasts its state to its neighbors when a local error signal exceeds a...
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