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If an impulse or surge high current flows in a grounding electrode, the soil in the vicinity of the grounding electrode would be ionized and the voltage generated at the top of the grounding electrode would be reduced. Recently, Ala et al. (2008) have proposed a soil ionization model, on the basis of the dynamic soil-resistivity model of Liew and Darveniza (1974), for finite-difference time-domain...
The main goal of this work is to analyze the soil ionization effects in different types of grounding grids. The analysis was performed by implementing a software based on the FDTD method, for modeling the non-linear behavior of the ground due the application of high intensity lightning currents. Step voltages on the soil surface were calculated from the border of the grounding grid to a point 1 m...
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