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This review addresses the potential of current methods of in vivo two-photon imaging of the activity of neurons involved in episodes of cognitive activity in animals. The principles of fluorescent two-photon microscopy are described and methods for in vivo imaging of neuron activity using calcium indicators of two types – calcium stains and genetically encoded calcium indictors (GECI) – are discussed...
Two-photon (TP) calcium imaging is an important imaging modality in neuroscience, allowing for large-scale recording of neural activity in awake, behaving animals at behavior-relevant timescales. Interpretation of TP data requires the accurate extraction of temporal neural activity traces, which can be accomplished via manual or automated methods. In this work we seek to improve the accuracy of both...
Model-based decision making requires prediction of future states by action-dependent state transition models. To investigate their neural implementation, mice were trained to do an auditory virtual navigation task and neuronal activity was recorded in the posterior parietal cortex (PPC) and the posteromedial cortex (PM), with the genetically encoded calcium indicator GCaMP6f after gene transfer by...
The use of two-photon microscopy allows for imaging of deep neural tissue in vivo. This paper examines frequency-based analysis to two-photon calcium fluorescence images with the goal of deriving smooth tuning curves. We present a multifrequency analysis approach for improved extraction of calcium responses in episodic stimulation experiments, that is, when the stimulus is applied for a number of...
Two-photon microscopy has grown up to be an important technique in biology research, particularly in exploring the neuronal functions of the neurons. With large penetration depth and three-dimensional selectivity, this technique has been able to address the neuro-computing in brain slice or even in live animals. However, its imaging rate is limited by the mechanic scanning mechanism and cannot satisfy...
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