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Arterial PCO 2 is tightly regulated via changes in breathing. A rise in PCO 2 activates the carotid bodies and exerts additional effects on neurons located within the CNS, causing an increase in lung ventilation. Central respiratory chemoreception refers to the component of this homeostatic reflex that is triggered by activation of receptors located within the brain (central chemoreceptors)...
It has been reported that central chemoreceptor cells in the medulla are distributed in close apposition to capillary blood vessels in the medulla. Phox2b-expressing neurons in the retrotrapezoid nucleus (RTN) respond to high CO 2 /H + stimulation and have been suggested to play an important role in central chemoreception. In newborn rats, the RTN overlaps at least partially with the...
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