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There are strong implications that Amyloid beta (Aβ) peptide causes neurotoxicity in Alzheimer's disease (AD) through (i) pore formation, (ii) the disruption of ionic channels that could affect calcium homeostasis, and (iii) receptor binding. The actual mechanism(s) remains unclear. In this study, we utilised cell-sized model membranes to observe the stability of lipid vesicles, in real-time, in the...
Engineered nanoparticles (NPs) offer great application potential in various fields, for example the chemical industry, energy management or medical sciences. Nanoparticles are increasingly being incorporated into daily products. But what happens, if living organisms are exposed to those NPs? Their ability to move seemingly barrier-free in organic tissue could be both beneficial and harmful. Even though...
A new single neuron model of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neuron based on the traditional HH model, which has one sodium, one calcium, and five potassium channels, was analyzed in this paper. The model was based on HH-type formalism and the action potentials were generated by current injection. The stimulus currents were added to the model, then the transmembrane potential and ionic currents were generated...
In this paper, new microcontroller based hardware for simulation of neurons is introduced. Excitable membranes with voltage-gated ionic channels can be modeled by using the hardware and current-clamp experiments can be simulated. The hardware allows user to supply the analog current to be injected to the model. First-order differential equations used to define dynamics of the gate and membrane potential...
Life and electricity are closely connected. All membranes, first the plasma membrane but also intracellular membrane systems, are electrically charged. Virtually all functions of cells and tissues are somehow controlled by the electric field within membranes. It influences the conformation of membrane residual proteins and thereby the functionality of the membrane. Ionic channels in membranes can...
Contrast ultrasound imaging is a noninvasive imaging modality using gas microbubbles. However disorders of the heart rate expressed by the appearance of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) occur in few patients. We have recently shown through electrophysiological studies that ultrasound activated microbubbles oscillate and induce a mechanical stress on the cell membrane resulting in the activation...
A 3-D finite element steady-state Poisson-Nernst-Planck model is presented and applied to the analysis of the ion transport across ionic channels of cellular membrane. The model allows us to obtain an accurate description of ion flow across the cell membrane. An example of application to the case of a K channel is also illustrated. The resulting current-voltage curve for the K channel shows excellent...
A model is presented that assumes a triaxial cable form, with separate nodal, paranodal, and internodal regions; a myelin sheath independent of the underlying internodal membrane; and a periaxonal conductance pathway. Unlike previous coaxial-cable-equivalent models, this triaxial form allows inclusion of ionic channels in the internodal membrane. The model uses ionic channel dynamics for the mammal...
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