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In practical systems, the available CSI for coherent transmission can not always be assumed to be perfect. For instance, in the MISO-downlink of a single-user FDD system with multiple antennas at the BS and a single antenna at the user, the available transmit CSI is actually estimated, quantized, outdated and affected by feedback errors. On the other hand, in the reverse link of this FDD system, i...
Coherent transmission could transform the performance of optical systems, with jeopardising the investment in existing fibre networks. The author discusses the advantages of coherent transmission and how it was first demonstrated. The technology involved, polarisation control, and the use of frequency division multiplexing are also discussed.<<ETX>>
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