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In March and April 2010, an ISE Explorer Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV) was deployed to Canada's high Arctic. The under-ice bathymetric surveys conducted on this deployment support Canada's submission to establish the outer limits of its continental shelf under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS).
To address the local path planning problem for autonomous land vehicle in unstructured environments, a novel method combining navigation function and A* search is proposed. The computed navigation function in this paper embodies different constraints of vehicle, so in fact to be a near-feasible trajectory. Next the navigation function and sensed obstacles is used to construct the heuristic function,...
With the development of the intelligent transportation systems (ITS), and the widely used technologies of road testing, machine vision etc. in the field of intelligent vehicle, it is possible for the smart car to move automatically in well-structured environments. As for urban complex environments, the researches on unmanned intelligent vehicle are still at the initial stage. For the more complex...
In this work we focus on mission planning problems in scenarios in which a carrier vehicle, typically slow but with virtually infinite range, and a carried vehicle, which on the contrary is typically fast but has a shorter range, are coordinated to make the faster vehicle visit a given collection of points in minimum time. In particular in this paper we will address two mission planning problems:...
Unmanned Vehicles (UxVs) are now a key Intelligence Surveillance and Reconnaissance (ISR) resource for first-world defense organizations. But the barrier to entry for making unmanned systems has fallen, with terrorist groups and crime syndicates capable of creating sophisticated robots using Commercial Off-The-Shelf (COTS) components. With the explosive growth of unmanned systems in the air, on the...
Autonomous Underwater Vehicles (AUVs) are in high demand within the offshore industry and maritime research, mainly used for bathymetry and data acquisition. The control architectures of these AUVs mimic this primary function by focusing on strict mission plans as these kind of application require, thus reducing the need for direct sensor reaction to emergency situations. The emerging needs for more...
Unmanned Underwater Vehicles (UUVs) can be utilized to perform difficult tasks in cluttered environments such as harbor and port protection. However, since UUVs have nonlinear and highly coupled dynamics, motion planning and control can be difficult when completing complex tasks. Introducing models into the motion planning process can produce paths the vehicle can feasibly traverse. As a result, Sampling-Based...
In March and April 2010, an ISE Explorer Autonomous Underwater Vehicle (AUV), built for Natural Resources Canada (NRCan), was deployed to Canada's high Arctic. Its mission was to undertake under-ice bathymetric surveys in support of Canada's submission to establish the outer limits of its continental shelf under the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS). During this deployment several...
In this paper, a motion planning algorithm based on differential flatness for an autonomous vehicle driving in a structured environment with moving obstacles is presented. A descriptions of the structured environment and definitions of safety and availability of the lane are proposed. In order to ensure that the trajectory is feasible and effective, dynamic longitudinal and lateral acceleration constraints...
We identify tacking as important ingredient to avoid bow-diving of Unmanned Sea Surface Vehicles. We first bootstrap control templates by an evolutionary algorithm. The evolved controller display a distinct tack behavior. We then implement tacking in a control architecture comprising a PID controller for target reaching combined with a high-level planner for tack generation that is based on the concept...
AUVs increasingly are being used to collect data in the benthic environment. Many of these data collection tasks require that the AUV is able to follow the terrain at standoff distances on the order of meters (e.g. benthic imaging). However, terrain following with an AUV is a challenging problem when the terrain is rough, and the task becomes even more difficult when using motion-constrained vehicles...
An abstract characterization of the networked vehicle systems under study is presented together with the corresponding modeling, coordination and control challenges. This is done with the help of an example of 24/7 persistent operations. The novel aspects of these systems are emphasized and the nature of the new challenges is discussed. This is done with reference to fundamental concepts in control...
Future civilian and military missions call for the autonomous coordination and control of unmanned vehicles. This paper presents the implementation of a pseudospectral (PS) optimal control-based algorithm for autonomous trajectory planning and control of multiple UGVs with real-time information updates. The mission of the UGVs is to maintain formation with respect to a lead vehicle traversing from...
Operation of networks of heterogeneous vehicles and sensors imposes many technical and operational challenges. Simultaneous control of multiple vehicle types requires abstraction any device-specific details and to keep human operators in the loop by providing them a good overall picture of the current system state. In this paper, we present the Neptus command and control infrastructure for such operations,...
We discuss the problem of dynamic reallocation of vehicles among teams of Unmanned Air Vehicles (UAV) executing concurrently. Each team addresses a task that consists of a sequence of subtasks to be executed in an adversary environment, where the vehicles face the risk of becoming inoperative. Our approach consists on separating the problem into a planning procedure followed by an optimal control...
Autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are indispensable tools for marine scientists to study the world's oceans. Depending on their missions, AUVs are equipped with advanced sensors (sonar, cameras, acoustic communication, bio-sensors), have on-board computers for data analysis (image analysis, data compression), and are capable of on-board decision making (resource planning, swarming). Since AUVs...
Today a large number of autonomous underwater vehicles (AUVs) are evaluated or operated all over the world. Most of them use their own control systems created by the vehicle's manufacturer or scientists of different research areas. The Fraunhofer Application Center System Technology currently owns three underwater vehicles (both AUVs and remotely operated vehicles, ROVs), a forth is under development...
Ocean and air going autonomous vehicles are capable of performing “dirty, dull and dangerous” (3D) missions and have already proved invaluable in the field. 3D missions arise not only in defense operations, but also in civilian operations, such as those concerned with oceanographic and environmental protection or harbor protection missions. These current trends set new requirements for future generations...
Due to its significant potential applications, underwater chemical plume exploration and source localization via an autonomous underwater vehicle (AUV) is currently a hot subject both in AUV and oceanic engineering research communities. Chemical plume including buoyant stem and non-buoyant part such as deep-sea hydrothermal plume is a typical dynamic 3D feature in the ocean environment; therefore,...
Receding Horizon (RH) control is an established control methodology which has been used successfully for many control applications. More recently it has been applied for autonomous vehicle guidance. Its successful implementation, in particular for applications involving agile vehicles like rotorcraft, hinges on two critical factors: (1) adequately accounting for the vehicle dynamics to guarantee that...
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