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This paper describes a set of tools, algorithms and methodologies that have been developed and used in order to estimate the radiometric uncertainty achievable for a Sentinel 2/3 like sensor through in-flight cross-calibration using a well-calibrated hyperspectral SI traceable reference sensor such as the proposed TRUTHS (Traceable Radiometry Underpinning Terrestrial- and Helio- Studies) mission....
The Visible-Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on-board the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (SNPP) spacecraft as a primary sensor was launched October 28, 2011. It has 22 bands: 7 thermal emissive bands (TEBs), 14 reflective solar bands (RSBs) and a Day Night Band (DNB). The TEBs are calibrated on-orbit using the On-Board Calibrator BlackBody (OBCBB) as a thermal source every scan...
In satellite navigation the receivers should be zero-value calibrated in order to measure the zero-value offset, and calibration modes of different types of receivers are also different, which should be studied with pertinence solutions. Through analyzing the characteristics of different types of receivers, the paper studies a zero-value calibration method of the BeiDou monitoring receiver (UniNAV...
The performance of electronic transformer (ET) directly influences power measurement accuracy, of which output mode is quite different from that of electromagnetic transformers. Thus, conventional calibration method is not suitable for testing ET. This paper starts with the definition of ration error and phase error by IEC standard; analyzes problems in the existing calibration methods and then innovatively...
National Institute of Metrology China (NIM) has studied and developed the facilities for spectral total radiant flux (STRF) measurement and provides related calibration services. The array-based goniospectroradiometers and an integrating sphere system have been setup. The former is used to realize the scale of the STRF, and the latter is used to implement everyday calibration service due to its fast...
In recent years, the Phasor Measurement Unit (PMU) technology is rapidly evolving towards the potential deployment also in power distribution systems (DSs). In general, this specific field of applications requires PMUs whose accuracy levels are beyond those required by the IEEE Std. C37.118. Additionally, there is the need to define the architecture of an associated calibration system capable to assess...
We developed physical models of commercially-available 2.4 mm and 3.5 mm coaxial calibration kits for vector network analyzers. These models support multiline thru-reflect-line (TRL) and open-short-load-thru (OSLT) calibrations, and include error mechanisms in each of the standards' constituent parameters that can be utilized in the NIST Microwave Uncertainty Framework to propagate uncertainties....
When considered as a life cycle graph for a single-species plant population, a finite 2D lattice digraph represents a sample of polyvariant ontogeny, meaning the diversity of pathways that individual plants may go in their development. Botanists regard polyvariant ontogeny as the major mechanism of adaptation at the local population level, while the corresponding matrix model provides for a quantitative...
In this work, innovative jelly tissue-mimicking materials (TMM) have been characterized measuring their specific heat capacity in the temperature range of (10 and 80) °C. These new specimens have improved acoustic characteristics and are promising for improving the efficacy of oncological treatments based on high intensity focused ultrasounds (HIFU). For this reason, it appears very important to have...
The integration of several 2D laser rangefinders in a vehicle is a common resource employed for 3D mapping, obstacle detection and navigation. The extrinsic calibration between such sensors (i.e. finding their relative poses) is required to exploit effectively the sensor measurements and to perform data fusion. The approaches found in the literature to obtain such calibration either rely on the approximated...
Calibrated microphones are necessary in acoustic measurements if quantitative results are required. However, a relative calibration of the microphones against each other is sufficient if transfer functions are to be measured. A measurement set-up in the form of a tee-junction for the relative calibration of two microphones was investigated. The frequency response of the set-up and the influence of...
Is there a framework common to measurement across broad domains of application, including both physical and social science measurement? The answer to this question would determine to an important extent the possibility of building a shared measurement-related body of knowledge across many traditionally separate domains. In this paper, we outline a structural framework of the processes involved in...
In this article; design, calibration and measurement uncertainty analysis of a tension measurement test system are presented. This system is designed for measuring tension force on a towed array which is towed behind surface ships via a cable. A special test setup that simulates the static and dynamic conditions for the measurement system is prepared for the calibration process. Calibration of the...
This paper investigates the measurement uncertainty introduced by measurement instruments in frequency domain channel measurement systems. The uncertainty is a quantitative indication of the quality of the measurement results, so it provides a quantitative reference to chose appropriate instruments and measurement methods. The uncertainty analysis is based on Monte Carlo method. To account for the...
This paper proposes a calibration method for a 3-axis probe for electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) testing including its uncertainty evaluation. Initially, the proposed calibration system for a 3-axis probe is demonstrated. Then, electromagnetic field theory is applied to the system in order to determine the incident electric field at the probe. Finally, the uncertainty evaluation, an important measurement...
Several measurement uncertainties and errors associated with EMI measurement apparatus have been investigated in this paper. The standard uncertainties of different resolution bandwidth (RBW) selections and dwell time settings in the test receiver during calibration process are found to be comparably small. The signal synchronization between the signal generator and the test receiver is found to be...
We report about a GPS receiver relative calibration campaign, which took place between five European National Metrology Institutes or Designated Institutes: LNE-SYRTE in Observatoire de Paris (Paris, France), where the reference receiver of the campaign was located, ROA (San Fernando, Spain), SP (Borås, Sweden), PTB (Braunschweig, Germany) and INRIM (Torino, Italy). We used as traveling equipment...
We compare the measurement results of antenna cable delay obtained from six different techniques, including some that allow the measurement of the cable installed in-situ. Among these techniques, the reflection of a pulse from the open end of the cable is described and compared with the results obtained with all the other techniques. We obtain a sub-ns consistency between all techniques for three...
TWOTFT has been studied and implemented according to the similar principles to those of TWSTFT. We initially constructed the experiment system for TWOTFT and done some experiments such as time and frequency transfer through the laboratory optical fiber and the real optical fiber links including the real link with 109 km length at NIM. We can get the time stability of less than 6 ps/s and 0.9 ps/100s,...
We targeting analyzed the UTC link delay of GPS station PTBB of PTB to TWTF of TL and expressed it as 3 groups: the uncompensated GPS common clock difference measurements, cable delay measurement, and the total delay variations of fixed GPS stations and travelling calibrator used in this METODE calibration tour. The total delay variation of fixed GPS stations PTBB and TWTF was evaluated by monitoring...
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