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Biometric authentication systems verify the identity of individuals based on what they are. As they are error prone, they can reject genuine individuals or accept impostors. Researchers of the field quantify the quality of their algorithm by benchmarking it on several databases. However, although the standard evaluation metrics state the performance of their system, they are unable to explain the...
There has been significant work on learning realistic, articulated, 3D models of the human body. In contrast, there are few such models of animals, despite many applications. The main challenge is that animals are much less cooperative than humans. The best human body models are learned from thousands of 3D scans of people in specific poses, which is infeasible with live animals. Consequently, we...
DNA computing is a method of applying interactions among biological macromolecules to realize parallel computation, which has the extensive foreground of application. However, it is usually time consuming and expensive to validate the accuracy of DNA computing algorithms experimentally. Therefore, to reduce the cost of experiments, it is necessary to develop mathematical models for computer simulations...
Studies in visual perceptual learning investigate the way human performance improves with practice, in the context of relatively simple (and therefore more manageable) visual tasks. Building on the powerful tools currently available for the training of Convolution Neural Networks (CNN), networks whose original architecture was inspired by the visual system, we revisited some of the open computational...
Spatial interaction research mainly focuses on showing the interaction relationship between regions. However, classic urban interaction models such as gravity model can only compute symmetric result between two regions, paying no attention on much individual phenomenon during region evolution process. Since radiation model proposed in 2012 can simulate directional, asymmetric urban interaction with...
GCOM-C SGLI land products are being developed toward better understandings of terrestrial carbon cycle and future climate change projection. In this paper, we will introduce two research products, Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Net Primary Productivity (NPP) and their application of these products to earth system models (ESMs). The LAI product as research product is an improved version from standard product...
Directional brightness temperature (DBT) plays an important role in surface energy balance and urban climate. How to determinate the components' proportion efficiently is one of the key factors to accurate simulation of DBT. Usually, determining the proportion of each component in the sensor's field of view (FOV) uses the radiosity method. This approach is more complicated and highly accurate, however,...
Solving inverse problems is central in geosciences and remote sensing. Very often a mechanistic physical model of the system exists that solves the forward problem. Inverting the implied radiative transfer model (RTM) equations numerically implies, however, challenging and computationally demanding problems. Statistical models tackle the inverse problem and predict the biophysical parameter of interest...
The human brain is at least a factor of 1 billion more efficient than our present digital technology, and a factor of 10 million more efficient than the best digital technology that we can imagine today. The unavoidable conclusion is that we have something fundamental to learn from the human brain about a new and much more effective form of computation, with a convenient, effective, efficient and...
A virtual reality program has been developed to assess the strength and flexibility of a computer based model of a term fetus or newborn baby's neck. The software has a haptic/force feedback user interface which allows clinical experts to adjust the mechanical properties, including range of motion and mechanical stiffness of a newborn neck model, at runtime. The developed software was assessed by...
In recent years, Discriminative Correlation Filter (DCF) based methods have significantly advanced the state-of-the-art in tracking. However, in the pursuit of ever increasing tracking performance, their characteristic speed and real-time capability have gradually faded. Further, the increasingly complex models, with massive number of trainable parameters, have introduced the risk of severe over-fitting...
In this paper, we propose a hybrid semi-parametric quantile regression random forest approach to evaluate value at risk (VaR). A Quantile regression random forest is introduced to explain the non-linear relationship in multi-period VaR measurement. Moreover, the essential algorithms and distributions of various holding periods are given. The results show that the generalized autoregressive conditional...
In designing scientific experiments, power analysis is too often given a superficial treatment— choice of sample size is often made based on idealized distributions and simplistic tests that do not reflect the real-world constraints under which the actual data will be collected. We have developed a general Monte Carlo framework for two-group comparisons which samples points from a two-dimensional...
Cells in a shear flow exhibit tumbling and tank-treading. This rotational movement is characterized by rotational frequency. In this work, we analyze and test a computational model of red blood cell by comparing simulated movement of a cell in a shear flow to the experimental data. We set up a computational experiment that recasts dynamical behavior of cells in a shear flow. We analyze the dependence...
Integration of critical infrastructures contributes to an increasing complexity and heterogeneity of their interdependencies, which results in a more detailed analysis process with emphasis on a certain aspect of the interactions such as cascading effects rather than the overarching system modelling and simulation. When external disturbances like natural disasters and intentional attacks take place,...
The paradigm shift in construction cost estimation is attributed to technological innovations in the spheres of building information modelling (BIM) and industrialised building systems (IBS). Majority of construction projects experience cost overruns which affect project objectives. The outcome of cost overruns invariably leads to disputes and further delays. Similarly, cost estimators resistance...
Online emotion diffusion is a compound process that involves interactions with multiple modalities. For instance, different behaviors influence the velocity and scale of emotion diffusion in online communities. Depicting and predicting massive online emotions helps to guide the trend of emotion evolution, thus avoiding unprecedented damages in crises. However, most existing work tries to depict and...
FLAME GPU is an agent based simulation frame-work that utilises the parallel architecture of Graphic Processing Unit (GPU) to enable real time model interaction and visualisation. In this paper, we provide an overview of the features of FLAME GPU and demonstrate its efficiency as a parallel agent based simulation platform. FLAME GPU abstracts the complexity of the GPU architecture from the users by...
Along with the globalization of business, the opportunities and challenges in franchise business are increased. In order to ensure that the franchise industry grows stably, it has been always an important topic to forecast the franchise performance accurately. Thus, this study aims at utilizing Grey prediction as an analyze methodology to estimate the performance of US's franchise industry in order...
Some extensive numerical simulations of the atmospheric composition fields in the city of Sofia have been recently performed and an ensemble, comprehensive enough as to provide statistically reliable assessment of the atmospheric composition climate of Sofia — typical and extreme features of the special/temporal behavior, annual means and seasonal variations, etc. has been constructed. The simulations...
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