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The significant increase in Distribution Generation (DG) technologies such as solar and wind can provide environmental and economic benefits. However, uncontrolled solar and wind penetration at distribution level can have adverse effects on the feeders, such as overleverage. On the other hand controlling DG output can reduce the benefits for the residential level DG operators. This paper proposes...
Conservation Voltage Reduction (CVR) schemes and renewable energy based distributed generation (DG) can be coordinated to maintain lower node voltages for reducing load consumption and line losses in distribution systems. In addition, smart inverter interfaced DGs are significant resources to maintain the lowest possible voltages at the loading points and adjacent nodes. This paper describes a method...
The proliferation of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) in the Distribution Network (DN) has affected the optimal operation of the grid due to multiple technical issues such as voltage rise, reverse power flow, voltage unbalance, islanding etc. Therefore, optimal management of DERs is becoming a key research area to improve the system power quality. In this context, several active network management...
The rise in penetration levels of distributed generation (DG) poses some challenges to distribution networks. This paper presents the results of an investigation into the effect of high DG penetration levels on thermal limits of distribution lines, and voltage rise at the point of common coupling. The study system used was the 16-bus UK distribution test system. The results obtained indicate voltage...
The increasing penetration of distributed generation (DG) could cause positive and adverse impacts on distribution power grids. The study of these effects could lead to methodological guidelines for sizing and location of renewable energy sources. In this paper several simulations of a distibution system of MV with different locations and penetration levels of DG are performed. Performance parameters...
Increasing penetration level of photovoltaic (PV) distributed generation (DG) into distribution networks will have many impacts on nominal circuit operating conditions including voltage quality and reverse power flow issues. In U.S. most studies on PVDG impacts on distribution networks are performed for west coast and central states. The objective of this paper is to study the impacts of PVDG integration...
In this paper, an adaptive fuzzy proportional-integral (AFPI) controller is proposed to improve the dynamic performance of the inverter interfaced autonomous microgrid. For this purpose, an accurate small signal state space model of the microgrid with electronically interfaced distributed generation (DG) units is developed. The developed model includes the network dynamics, controller dynamics, dynamics...
Recently, many researches have been done related with the integration of distributed generation in the distribution system. However, in large scale applications, there are several challenges in terms of control design. A simple example is the possibility to operate in island mode or connected to the main power. The operation in island mode requires that power sources should be inserted inside the...
This paper presents a multi-loop control strategy for parallel distributed generation (DG) units in standalone mode of operation. Indeed, an Adaptive Proportional plus Multi Resonant (Adaptive P+MR) controller is designed for the voltage control loop and a simple Proportional regulator is used for the inner current loop. The proposed frequency adaptive control structure is also prorogued to parallel...
This paper presents a suitable output voltage control approach for parallel distributed generation (DG) units working in standalone operating mode. Indeed, an Adaptive Multi Resonant controller with weighted State Feedbacks is optimally designed for the voltage control loop while a Proportional regulator is proposed for the inner current loop. Thankful to its frequency adjusting ability, the proposed...
Local reactive power control of distributed generators (DG) can be used to mitigate the voltage rise effect caused by themselves. In this paper, dynamic interactions between local voltage controllers of the DG units and transformer on load tap changers (OLTCs) are studied using time domain simulations. Studies are conducted with different control modes of DG unit and OLTC control and also secondary...
Fuel cell (FC) is one of the most suitable candidates for distributed generation system either in standalone or grid connected mode. Due to the cleanness, modularity and higher potentiality, FC systems can be used in both single and hybrid systems for power generation. In this study a 26 kW standalone proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) based energy system is developed using MATLAB/Simulink®...
Traditionally, the optimal power flow (OPF) assumes a constant (active and reactive) power load model and thus it neglects the effect of the voltage sensitiveness of power load injections. As a consequence, the results from the OPF may be distorted and lead to suboptimal solutions. This paper proposes an optimal power flow, which seeks to minimize the total active power losses of a distribution network...
This paper presents a control scheme for Microgrid in islanding mode of operation. Here, a Mamdani based Fuzzy Logic Controller (M-FLC) has been used to restrain the voltage of the system. The voltage control strategy has been used for the control purpose. In addition, this paper also uses the Hysteresis Band PWM technique for instantaneous current control. It has been proved that irrespective of...
This paper presents a real-time hardware-in-the-loop testbed to analyze the impact of distributed generations distribution level system. The IEEE 15-bus node distribution feeder has been developed in MATLAB and is connected to two real time inverter based distributed generators through the dSPACE hardware interface. The power flow outputs of the inverters are controlled by local decentralized TI C2000...
The connection of renewable energy sources to the grid, in a way that characterizes distributed generation, enables the optimization of local available natural resources. These sources should be managed in order to produce a distortion-free AC terminal voltage, and to inject in the grid the power that is not consumed by the local load. In the system here analyzed for connection of renewable energy...
This paper presents the dynamic modeling of a Solid Oxid Fuel Cell (SOFC) and the device necessary to perform its grid connection. Since there is a voltage drop with increasing load, the DC/DC Converter boosts the cell's output voltage and keeps it regulated. The DC/AC inverter interfaces the DC output of the converter side with the AC grid side. In order to control the injection of active and reactive...
This paper present brief description of a Microgrid development project currently in progress. Initially, then Malaysian renewable energy policy is briefly highlighted. The objective of having Microgrid is discussed. The main components of Microgrid and the technique on how the Microgrid central controller was developed is also explained. The result from simulation study of Microgrid system in the...
This paper describes generic models of photovoltaic (PV) systems developed for implementation in Western Electric Coordinating Council (WECC) base cases. The scope encompasses both transmission-connected, central station PV plants and distributed PV systems. These models were added to the WECC Approved Dynamic Model Library in March of 2014.
This paper discusses the possibilities and the merits of adopting a DC microgrid strategy for enhancing the economics and the resilient operation of the distributed generation systems, and tests the proposed hierarchical control strategy that applies to a DC microgrid based on an existing microgrid at Illinois Institute of Technology (IIT). The simulation results are compared with those of an AC microgrid...
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