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Differential Phase Shift Keying (DPSK) modulation format has been shown as a robust solution for next-generation optical transmission systems. One key device enabling such systems is a delay interferometer, converting the phase modulation signal into the intensity modulation signal to be detected by the photodiodes. Usually, a standard Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) is used for demodulating a DPSK...
This paper presents an implementation of a modulation technique which is effective in obscuring spectral phase encoded time-spreading (SPECTS) optical code division multiple access (O-CDMA) data streams from eavesdroppers tapping into single-user uplinks. This data modulation technique employs a finite-state Markov chain following a four-state trellis to encode user data in the electronic domain....
This paper reviews recent technology advances in modulation formats including RZ-DQPSK, PDM RZ-DPSK, and offset PDM RZ-DPSK for 40 G undersea transmission. Research activities on 100 G long-haul transmission are also summarized.
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