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Renewable energy developments have significantly influenced to the power system planning. In particular, in the last decade, renewable energy sources are considerably increased due to the supportive renewable energy policy worldwide. In this paper, an economic model is proposed to analyze the electricity market equilibrium under the impacts of renewable energy policy. In addition, the model reveals...
Presented is a preliminary investigation into the modeling, active control design, and simulation of a vertical axis pendulum wave energy converter, or vertical axis PWEC. Seeking to leverage their promising potential for energy extraction, an active control strategy for the PWEC pendulum dynamics is developed such that net electric power production is increased. Equations of motion for a generic...
The concept of Multistep Electricity Price (MEP) policy has been introduced by many countries to promote energy saving, load balance and fairness in electricity consumption. However, with the development of smart grid, how to determine the electricity quantity and price scaled to multiple steps has not been fully investigated. To address this issue, in this paper we study a two-dimensional MEP model...
This paper makes a study about optimal supply of the energy service, using simulations of network operation scenarios, in order to optimize resources and minimize the variables: operation cost, energy losses, generation cost and consumers shedding. These simulations create optimal operation models of the network, allowing the system operator obtain knowledge to take pre-established procedures that...
The price set in electricity markets is given by the intersection of supply and demand during a given time period. The demand-side has traditionally been a price taker while the supply-side actively adjusts the output of the market clearing unit to fluctuations in consumption. Currently, there is a transition toward active demand participation that can adequately respond to market conditions. However,...
In competitive electricity markets with deep concerns at the efficiency level, demand response programs gain considerable significance. In the same way, distributed generation has gained increasing importance in the operation and planning of power systems. Grid operators and utilities are taking new initiatives, recognizing the value of demand response and of distributed generation for grid reliability...
In power system, spinning reserve is one of the important indicators of power system security. Regarding spinning reserve as an important factor, spinning reserve cost has been appropriated highly. This paper proposes a method for decreasing spinning reserve cost using demand respond (DR) program. The effect of DR is focused on the aspect of decrease effect of spinning reserve cost. In order to present...
Electricity physical and financial contracts are common instruments used by generators to reallocate their risk among other market participants. Likewise, from the regulator point of view, contracts are understood and promoted as a way to mitigate the generators market power exercise. Therefore the analysis of the impact of these derivatives on the electricity market prices and on the agents' strategic...
Hydropower can provide inexpensive, flexible fill-in power to compensate for intermittent renewable generation. We model the decision of a hydroelectric generator to shift power capacity away from the day-ahead energy market into a "wind-following" service that smoothes the intermittent production of wind turbines. Seasonal wind patterns produce conflicts with "ecosystem services"...
A system of transferring the intangible gravitation to liquid's potential energy was disclosed recently. This system has shown that the intangible gravitation is not just a kind of force; it is also a kind of renewable energy that is harnessable. The theoretical foundation of this system is Pascal's principle; an important physical principle that has existed for more than three hundred years long...
With the advance of electricity market, all distributed power generators will participate in electric power bidding, start-up and shutdown of the unit must be considered in objective function of purchasing electricity. Therefore, this paper establishes the mathematical model of purchasing electricity optimization from distributed generators, which takes total costs from many distributed generators...
The first part of the paper elaborates on the economic properties of the concept of locational marginal carbon intensity first presented in and formulates a method of decomposing the carbon footprint of the electrical grid between individual generating units, transmission facilities and end users on a real time basis. In the second part of the paper the theory of the marginal carbon footprint is further...
A number of states in the United States have taken collaborative actions to control for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from state governmental level. The effort by the western and the eastern states is called the Western Regional Climate Action Initiative and Regional Greenhouse Gas Initiative (RGGI), respectively. RGGI is a collaboration by 9 states in the northeast United States targeted at regional...
In a perfectly competitive electricity market, it is important to ascertain the contribution of each of the generators towards a given load and towards individual line loadings. This will help in charging the customers for the services and the products they use. The technique can also provide information, such as the path of green electrons which can be vital for proper implementation of imminent...
This paper aims at understanding and assessing the main methods proposed by ETSO and EuroPEX to define and allocate interconnection capacities in Europe. We model these methods and evaluate their technical and economic efficiency on a 7-node network. We find first, that, unsurprisingly, the allocation methods are all the more efficient as the Kirchhoff laws are integrated more precisely in the market...
In electric power market, the research of best bidding price is an important study, in which the calculation and description of node price is the key issue. Based on the highly effective ant colony algorithm, this paper proposes a methodology of best bidding for solving the optimal price model of the electric power market. We use the random global search capability of ant colony algorithm to deal...
This paper describes a simple method to derive strategic equilibrium solutions for a single Generating Company (GENCO) bidding in electricity markets. This method computes the product mix of real power and the ancillary services of reactive power and spinning reserve supplied by GENCO. Generator capability curves are incorporated into a two-player competitive market model to simulate market auctions...
In this paper, we propose a method to decompose market clearing price (MCP) for Japanese electricity market (single price auction market), i.e., MCP is divided into a variety of components corresponding to the concerned factors, such as bidding curves, transmission congestion, voltage limitations and other constraints. The decomposition is unique and components in MCP are identical to their increment...
Decreasing the length of thermoelectric (TE) module legs results in a significant increase in power density, both for cooling applications and electricity generation. However, this reduction also results in a significant increase of mechanical stress in the legs materials. Thus, it is important to implement an effective method to characterize the mechanical properties, such as mechanical spectroscopy,...
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