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Billions of objects connect to the internet by using Internet of Things (IoT). Current trends of IoT are developing protocols, platforms make objects accessible across domains. The purpose of these studies is to combine all IoT devices on main host systems. However, the host systems have a problem about the mismatch between devices and the host. To solve this problem we have designed the Information...
Cluster structure is one of the most important structures that have received increasing attention over recent years. This paper presents a modification to the structure of the cluster tree Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) dividing clusters into sub-groups. Each group of these sub-groups operates like a tree from a small number of nodes. The results from the implemented adjustments indicate a significant...
In geographical network systems, face routing is the unique recovery solution for local minimum problem. A node in local minimum could not choose its neighbor node closer to the destination. Since the face routing is based on novel graph named planar graph, the nodes search a link between adjacent nodes in the graph and send their data via the link. During the planarization of the topology, many links...
The primary goal of the wireless sensor network is to provide the maximum coverage of the sensing area required mainly in applications like battlefield and surveillance etc. With the limited battery of the nodes covering the maximum area over a longer duration is an critical issue. Hence in this paper an efficient algorithm which maintains maximum coverage along with balance of load on the nodes is...
Wireless sensor networks (WSN) are widely used to sense and measure physical conditions for different purposes and within different regions. However due to the limited lifetime of the sensor's energy source, many efforts are made to design energy efficient WSN. As a result, many techniques were presented in the literature such as power adaptation, sleep and wake-up, and scheduling in order to enhance...
DSR protocol is less considered for practical application due to its more limitations against other routing protocols. Modification in DSR protocol can make it considerable and it can improve energy efficiency to enhance lifetime of battery operated mobile adhoc networks. This paper proposes the modification for route discovery mechanism in normal DSR protocol for energy efficient route establishment...
Power consumption and CO2 emission have become a major concern over the last few years. Several recent studies have shown that servers and network equipments consume up to 45% of the energy consumption of data centers [1]. Software-defined networking is a new networking paradigm that decouples the control and data functionalities; thus, makes networks easily manageable and programmable. In software-defined...
The communication subsystem in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is primarily responsible for energy consumption. This paper employs Rolling GM (1, 1) as prediction model to propose an optimal routing scheme for WSNs in terms of energy minimization. Energy efficient cluster based routing protocol with residual energy and distance based cluster head selection method are used to reduce overheads during...
In WSN, the sensor nodes have limited battery power, limited transmission range as well as their processing and storage capabilities are also limited. Routing protocols for wireless sensor networks are responsible for maintaining the routes in the network under above mentioned limitations. In this paper, I have given a survey of routing protocols for Wireless Sensor Network which works better in the...
Since one single node in a wireless sensor network (WSN) is quite power-limited, many of existing researches focus on abating the redundancy of transmission to achieve the goal of energy saving. However, they are mostly highly dependent on physical networks and routing, which will result in the excessive rawness of data, the great imbalance of energy consumption among nodes and the poor scalability...
A wireless sensor network can be divided into several clusters. Each cluster has a number of sensors nodes and one of the nodes is elected as the coordinator, termed as head. The head is responsible for not the general mission but also collecting the sensed data of other nodes and routing to the sink. Accordingly, the energy-consumption is higher than other nodes. Therefore, the head selection will...
Clustering is a good method to increase WSN lifetime and particularly for smart environment. In this paper, we present fuzzy position based routing for clustered sensor network. It is very useful for the smart environment applications of wireless sensor network without GPS support. The destinations could be located with ambiguous position vectors, and the long time and energy consumption of requesting/replying...
The effective use of vast amounts of collected data in the wireless sensor network requires scalable and energy-efficient algorithms. A provided solution is the data-centric storage which itself suffers from the hot-spot problem. This problem occurs when the mass of sent queries and events to a particular node is more than the capacity of that node. In this paper a hybrid method has been offered which...
An energy-balanced multicast routing algorithm EBMR in wireless sensor networks (WSNs) is proposed. The objective of EMBR algorithm is to improve the energy efficiency and extend the network lifetime in multicast. To achieve this goal, the energy consumption model in WSNs is analyzed and an energy-constrained metric for multicast forwarder selecting is studied. Then the framework of EBMR algorithm...
Routing is a key technique for wireless sensor networks (WSN). In order to improve the efficiency of routing in large-scale WSN, we propose Sink Routing Table (SRT) routing protocol, a routing protocol for WSN, in this paper. In SRT protocol, nodes aggregate data and use energy aware neighbor selection to route packets towards the target along an optimal path, each common node has no need to maintain...
Sensors in sensor networks are operated by their embedded batteries and they can not work any more if the batteries run out. The data collected by sensors should be transferred to a sink node through the efficient routes. Many energy efficient routing algorithms were proposed. However, the previous algorithms consume more energy since they did not consider the transmission range and direction. In...
In this paper, a novel Uneven Cirque energy-balance Clustering Routing for sensor networks (UCCR) was proposed. UCCR import energy forecasting mechanism, according to the residual energy of node to determine when to re-cluster. Cluster head is chosen based on the residual energy and the relative position. Multi-hop data routing was formed in inter-cluster, routing to build not only consider the energy...
In wireless sensor networks, most of the existing key management schemes, establish shared keys for all pairs of neighbor sensors without considering the communication between these nodes. This results in causing huge overhead. For large scale WSNs, these schemes still need each sensor to be loaded with a bulky amount of keys. In many-to-one traffic pattern of sensor networks, large numbers of sensor...
Constant growth in the wireless sensor network (WSN) needs routing protocol which can cater for renewable energy sources as compared to conventionally used nonrenewable energy sources in sensor nodes. In this paper, adaptive topological knowledge (ATK) algorithm is used to periodically and locally determine the topological knowledge range (KR) of each solar-powered node, based on an estimated energy...
A typical problem in wireless sensor networks is how to collect and send historical information from all sensor nodes to the base station. As the available energy of these nodes is a critical resource, it is typically not feasible to transmit a full-resolution data feed from each sensor node to the base station. Therefore, it is important to apply techniques of data reduction so that fewer bits can...
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