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In diet-induced obesity, hypothalamic inflammation is triggered as an outcome of prolonged exposure to dietary fats. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) activation plays a central role in this process, inducing endoplasmic reticulum stress and activating inflammatory cytokine gene transcription. Although saturated fatty acids can induce endoplasmic reticulum stress in the hypothalamus, it is unknown whether...
In the current study we sought to determine whether hypothalamic IL-1β is regulated by melanocortin signaling and if melanocortin-induced changes in energy balance are dependent on IL-1β. A melanocortin agonist, MTII, increased hypothalamic IL-1β mRNA levels by two-fold, whereas a melanocortin antagonist, SHU9119, blunted lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated increase of hypothalamic IL-1β content. Pharmacological...
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