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Recent publications questioned the validity of endothelial cell (EC) culture studies of glycocalyx (GCX) function, due to findings that GCX in vitro may be substantially thinner than in vivo. The assessment of thickness differences is complicated by GCX collapse during dehydration for traditional electron microscopy. We measured in vitro GCX thickness using rapid freezing/freeze substitution transmission...
The mechanics of many biological processes can only be uncovered through the analysis of spatio-temporal data. Kymographs are a popular tool for visualising dynamic processes whose movements can be mapped into a single dimension, such as mitosis, or cell division. However, global movements of a cell means the region of interest (ROI) used to create the kymograph must move with each frame. Here we...
Microscopy-based diagnosis of certain diseases or infections, e.g. with human papilloma viruses (HPV) for the identification of high risk patients for cervical cancer, relies more and more often on immunocytochemical marker stains. These markers stain cells that exhibit a particular protein. In addition to one or more marker stains, pathologists need to simultaneously assess the morphology of the...
Vascular endothelial growth factors (VEGF) regulate multiple physiological and pathological processes including angiogenesis, i.e. growth of new blood vessels, a hallmark of wound healing. To improve VEGF blood life-time for enhanced angiogenesis in clinical applications, we investigate the possibility of cell transplant therapy using implanting silk protein film substrates loaded with VEGF-transfected...
We aimed to create an autonomous on-chip system that selectively captures and transports lipid vesicles (liposomes) by using machinery that mimics biological systems. By exploiting DNA hybridization and biomolecular-motor-based motility, we demonstrate that single-stranded DNA-labeled microtubules, gliding on kinesin-coated surfaces, acted as cargo transporters, and single-stranded DNA-labeled cargo...
To study the effect of qinglongyi polysaccharide on cation concentration in erythrocyte of S180 mice a tumor mouse model was developed, and the mice were treated with high, medium, and low doses of qinglongyi polysaccharide through abdominal injection for 7 d. Erythrocytes were collected and erythrocyte suspensions were prepared. Change of Ca2+ concentration in the erythrocytes of S180 mice was measured...
Two-dimensional acoustic impedance imaging is useful for observation of living organs without invasion. In order to visualize the distribution of specific functional proteins in the cerebellar cortex, we proposed direct or complex-including heavy metal treatment to elevate the acoustic impedance of a particular cerebellar layer. Heavy metal binding was useful for acoustic impedance imaging; however,...
Pathological thrombus formation is initiated by the interaction of blood platelets to immobilized proteins at the vessel wall. Platelet surface adhesion leads to biochemical activation and structural reorganization resulting in spreading of the platelet across the adhesive surface. Extensive studies have been carried out to examine platelet spreading responses on continuous substrates but little is...
In the field of lipid research, the measurement of adipocyte size is an important but difficult problem. We describe an imaging-based solution that combines precise investigator control with semi-automated quantitation. By using unfixed live cells, we avoid many complications that arise in trying to isolate individual adipocytes. Instead, we image a small drop of live adipocyte suspension under a...
Magnetic bacteria synthesize intracellular particles of magnetite, which are aligned in chains and enveloped by a membrane. A new species of magnetic bacterium was recently isolated from aerobic sediment from a pond in Tokyo, and is capable of growing aerobically to high cell densities. This strain may therefore be grown easily in mass culture. In such large-scale cultures a stationary phase is reached...
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