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Cluster structure is one of the most important structures that have received increasing attention over recent years. This paper presents a modification to the structure of the cluster tree Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) dividing clusters into sub-groups. Each group of these sub-groups operates like a tree from a small number of nodes. The results from the implemented adjustments indicate a significant...
To reduce the routing overhead in routing discovery of Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector junior routing (AODVjr) algorithm and decrease energy consumption of ZigBee network, the improved AODVjr routing algorithm based on node depth in ZigBee network is proposed. Utilizing ZigBee hierarchical structure and the node depth, the proposed algorithm sets the tree routing hops between source node and destination...
AODV routing algorithm is widely used in a large-scale outdoor area for ZigBee wireless sensors networks. However, a large number of routing requests in AODV algorithm can easily lead to broadcast storms, which consume a lot of bandwidth and node energy, cause a large amount of signal collision and reduce the quality of communication. To solve these problems, this paper proposes self-learning multi-route...
In order to realize the energy balance of ZigBee, prolonging the survival time of the network, avoiding the paralysis of the network, this paper improves the tree algorithm. This paper firstly introduces ZigBee and the results of some routing algorithms, and then analyzing and comparing the original tree algorithm and AODVjr algorithm, finding out the inadequacies. The original tree algorithm is improved...
IEEE 802.15.5 standard supports mesh networking for IEEE 802.15.4 based low-rate wireless sensor network (WSN). Through assigning a consecutive address block (CAB) to a node, IEEE 802.15.5 enables routing without table, which eliminates route discovery latency and reduces communication overhead and energy consumption in addition to saving storage space for routing table. With CAB, however, a node...
Routing mechanism is one of the many ways to optimize the performance of Zigbee network that used battery-powered device. Therefore, a variety of routing algorithms are developed to obtain the optimal performance. One of the examples is Power-Source Aware Routing (PSAR) algorithm. However, PSAR algorithm has problem that the reconfiguration of battery powered node from communication path is not always...
Aiming at the problems of too much energy consumption and local routing optimization in AODVjr algorithm, an improved algorithm based on tree routing algorithm and AODVjr algorithm is proposed to avoid dead nodes emerging too early. The improved hybrid algorithm introduces neighbor table, the calculation method of the parent node address and puts forward a neighbor node selection strategy according...
Nowadays, the wireless sensor networks have critical applications in the environmental monitoring, medical, security, industrial and military fields. The forest fire detection as a monitoring network is one of these applications. Sensors collect dynamic changes such as temperature, humidity, smoke, atmospheric pressure and forward those to a single node or a base station. These informations are sent...
AODV and Cluster-Tree are usually used as route protocol in ZigBee network. In AODV, the broadcast mechanism makes energy run fast. Cluster-Tree protocol gets a long route path, which leads to high delay. This paper has done detailed research on these two protocols, and proposes a new address allocation scheme in order to make addresses carry with the topology information. In the process of route...
The ZigBee wireless sensor network is an important supporting technology of IoT (Internet of Things). For the reason that various applications of IoT may incur heavy traffic on the network of ZigBee, and the existing methods of constructing ZigBee topology routing tree fail to consider both the link configuration and the busy-degree of the node, so the existing routing algorithm should be optimized...
ZigBee is an industrial standard for low rate and low power wireless personal area networks. It is based on IEEE 802.15.4 physical and MAC layers. ZigBee defines the network layer to support multi-hop communication and routing between nodes. In ZigBee, tree routing is the simplest routing protocol with low-overhead in which parent-child links will be used for data transfer. In spite of this fact,...
It is of great concern to employ an efficient network joining mechanism to construct a large scale wireless sensor network (WSN). For example, ZigBee can construct a cluster-tree based WSN with the use of a simple network joining, addressing and routing mechanism. However, when applied to a large scale WSN, it may not provide desirable node connectivity mainly due to the waste of network depth and...
Generally, the Cluster-Tree algorithm and the AODVjr algorithm are used for routing strategies at ZigBee network layer. The former is simple, but its efficiency is low. The latter one can complement the cluster-tree routing's shortcomings. However, the energy consumption and network life are not considered adequately for energy-limited networks. This paper proposes an improved measure, which can deduce...
In order to prolong the lifetime and reduce the transmission delay of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), we propose a novel Hierarchical Routing Protocol based on Dynamic Weight (HRPDW) for WSNs. In our HRPDW, first considering the important parameters of both residual energy and transmission delay, we set the dynamic weight; second, every sensor node stores the dynamic weights of its several adjacent...
To solve the problem that the cluster heads consume a lot of energy in the cluster tree network, a new method which can balance energy consumption and improve the energy utilization ratio is proposed in this paper. This method employs the existed network address resource to select the reserved cluster head. By this method, the convert of network structure which caused by changing cluster head is also...
ZACA-EEC (Zigbee Ant Colony Algorithm Energy Efficient Cluster) routing protocol is proposed to replace AODV in Zigbee with the aim of increasing reliability for mine equipment monitoring in this paper, which can prolong the lifetime of network remarkably. Taking hydraulic support as an example, the distribution of monitoring nodes can be simplified as chain hierarchy topology, then Free-space model...
Routing in WSNs (Wireless Sensor Networks) is very challenging due to some special characteristics that differentiate these networks from other wireless networks like cellular networks, mobile ad-hoc network etc. The difference is due to scalability, careful resource management etc. Sensor nodes are generally battery powered, are expected to be remotely deployed, and operated autonomously in unattended...
The Link Quality Indicator (LQI) is defined in the 802.15.4 standard, but its context of use is not specified in this standard. Some works on the LQI, few of which are field experiments, have shown that the LQI decreases as the distance increases. In WSN, it is not often desirable to use the GPS technology. Indeed, the use of GPS is expensive and may reduce the overall network performance. Moreover,...
As a traditional agricultural country, shortage of water resource has been a critical issue for China. Intelligent irrigation is a promising solution to improve the irrigation efficiency. ZigBee is an emerging wireless communication technology based on IEEE 802.15.4, which has been widely applied in commercial, industrial, medical and agricultural areas. There are many merits to use ZigBee for agricultural...
Aiming at the problem of ZigBee tree routing algorithm in which the solution may not be optimal and some nodes may exhaust the energy as a result of heavy transmissions, an optimized ZigBee tree routing algorithm based on the energy-balance. The optimized algorithm imports neighbor-table and the depth of nodes to make sure the routing local optimal in routing hops. This paper also considers the residual...
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