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The cosmic Dark Ages, the period between the formation of the cosmic microwave background radiation and the formation of the first stars, is a critical stage in the evolution of our universe. During this period, the intergalactic medium consisted almost entirely of neutral Hydrogen, and consequently one of the only ways to study this epoch is through the highly redshifted 21-cm spectral line of Hydrogen...
We present a metamaterial substrate designed to act as a high impedance thin slab that can be used to integrated low-profile (subwavelength thickness) antennas in components or packages. A transverse equivalent network (TEN) model accurately describing the reflection properties of the impedance substrate is also provided to facilitate its design. Then, we develop a low profile planar antenna consisting...
We present a lumped circuit description of a novel metamaterial layer made of arrayed pairs of tightly coupled conductors (dogbones or Jerusalem crosses). This lumped element network is synthesized to exhibit the same frequency response of the metamaterial layer when inserted in the plane-wave equivalent transmission line. The metamaterial and its transverse equivalent network (TEN) model is then...
The integration of a printed electric dipole antenna into a volumetric metamaterial-based artificial magnetic conductor block is considered. It is demonstrated numerically that resonant modes can be excited to produce either large front-to-back ratios or large broadside directivities
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