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In order to make good use of the limited energy, ant colony optimization (ACO) was applied to inter-cluster routing mechanism. An uneven clustering routing algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) based on ant colony optimization (ACO) was proposed. The algorithm utilized the dynamic adaptability and optimization capabilities of the ant colony to get the optimum route between the cluster head...
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), multi-path routing can find multiple paths from source node to sink node. In data transmission, multiple paths can be used to improve reliability, energy-efficiency, etc. In the literature, there have been many works about multi-path routing. But those multi-path routing protocols are not efficient as they cost much time and energy to construct multiple paths. In...
Recent developments in the field of transmission line monitoring system have led to a renewed interest in wireless sensor networks, which is characterized by the strong real time, high reliability, adaptability, load balancing and so on. However, the bottleneck problem of network transmission which is likely to occur around the sink node must be taken into account. This paper proposes a new cross-layer...
This paper proposes an improved Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV) routing protocol based on node-grade to reduce the energy consumption of nodes in wireless sensor networks. The improved AODV called Grade-AODV (G-AODV) assigns a grade to each node according to the hop distance of the node to the sink node. The lower grade a node has, the closer it is to the sink. Each node is restricted to receive...
Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) have the potential to be widely used in many areas for unattended event monitoring. Mainly due to lack of a protected physical boundary, wireless communications are vulnerable to unauthorized interception and detection. Privacy is becoming one of the major issues that jeopardize the successful deployment of wireless sensor networks. While confidentiality of the message...
Limited energy is one of the most special characteristics of WSN, how to use the limited resources available at each sensor node more efficiently is very important. Several researches were done before, aiming to cut down the WSNs' whole energy consumption, but their simulation results showed that the main node nearest to the sink node always have much higher energy consumption than that of any other...
Recently, in order to improve the energy efficiency of WSN(Wireless Sensor Network), widely research have been carried on. But, up to the present, all presented methods are based on direct communication between CH (cluster head) and sink node, and based on the assumption that node can intelligent regulate signal energy according to the distance between nodes. So it's hard to implement those methods...
PEGASIS, a chain-based protocol, forms chains from sensor nodes so that each node transmits and receives from a neighbor. In this way, only one node (known as a HEAD) is selected from that chain to transmit to the sink. Although PEGASIS is able to balance the workload among all of the nodes by selecting the HEAD node in turn, a considerable amount of energy may be wasted when nodes which are far away...
In wireless sensor networks (WSNs), multi-path routing can find multiple paths from source node to sink node for achieving high reliability and high energy-efficiency. However, the existing multi-path routing protocols in the literature construct multiple paths with long latency and high overhead [C. Intanagonwiwat et al., 2000] [D. Ganesan et al.] [B. Deb et al., 2003]. In this paper, a novel multi-path...
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