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A survey of the results of investigations of the frequency instability of output signals of the hydrogen frequency standard is presented. We analyze the causes of development of instability in the measurement range greater than 1000 sec. The influence of the ambient temperature and geomagnetic field is investigated. The methods used to compensate the frequency drift with the help of periodic corrections...
We obtain an analytic expression for the dependence of the relative error of frequency measure on the precision characteristics of this measure, time intervals of measurements, and periods between the measurements. This expression is characterized by the variance and the systematic component.
In Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS), atomic clocks are fundamental for their excellent stability. Being the distance measured from the time, any error on the measure of time leads to an error in the positioning: accurate and stable atomic clocks need to be employed on board satellites. Hence, the on board clock behaviour has to be continuously monitored and any malfunctioning has to be immediately...
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