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The kinetoplastida and their close relatives are unicellular organisms prevalent within the biosphere and important for significant impacts on global health, economy and ecosystems. They are, under most models, an early branching lineage. Individual species adapted to highly diverse environments by adopting complex life styles; parasitic species can infect a wide range of eukaryotic hosts, while many...
Metal ion transporters of the Zrt‐ and Irt‐like protein (ZIP, or SLC39A) family transport zinc, iron, manganese and/or cadmium across cellular membranes and into the cytosol. The 14 human ZIP family proteins are expressed in a wide variety of tissues and function in many different cellular processes. Many of these proteins (including ZIP1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6/10, 8, 9, 11, 12, 14) are situated, at least...
Protein kinase D (PKD) controls secretion from the trans‐Golgi network (TGN) by phosphorylating phosphatidylinositol 4‐kinase IIIβ and proteins that bind and/or transfer phosphatidylinositol 4‐phosphate (PtdIns‐4P), such as oxysterol‐binding protein (OSBP) and ceramide transfer protein. Here, we investigated the consequences of PKD phosphorylation of OSBP at endoplasmic reticulum (ER)‐Golgi membrane...
Honokiol (HNK), an important medicinal component of Magnolia officinalis, is reported to possess pharmacological activities against a variety of diseases. However, the molecular mechanisms of HNK medicinal functions are not fully clear. To systematically study the mechanisms of HNK action, we screened a yeast mutant library based on the conserved nature of its genes among eukaryotes. We identified...
The cytosolic chaperonin T‐complex protein (TCP) 1‐ring complex (TRiC) has been shown to exert neuroprotective effects on axonal transport through clearance of mutant Huntingtin (mHTT) in Huntington's disease. However, it is presently unknown if TRiC also has any effect on axonal transport in wild‐type neurons. Here, we examined how TRiC impacted the retrograde axonal transport of brain‐derived neurotrophic...
Our view of the secretory pathway has evolved from a morphological one to one that includes molecular mechanistic understanding of basic traffic components. These components include coat complexes involved in cargo sorting and budding and proteins that mediate targeting, tethering and fusion. The expanding repertoire of regulators that control basic traffic activities begins to paint a unified morphological‐molecular...
Deficiency in diacylglycerol acyltransferase (DGAT1) is a rare cause of neonatal diarrhea, without a known mechanism or in vitro model. A patient presenting at our institution at 7 weeks of life with failure to thrive and diarrhea was found by whole‐exome sequencing to have a homozygous DGAT1 truncation mutation. Duodenal biopsies showed loss of DGAT1 and deficits in apical membrane transporters and...
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