Nabidae is a small predatory family within Cimicomorpha; however, the internal classification within this family has been unclear and controversial, confusing researchers in various fields. This study presents the first comprehensive phylogenetic analysis of Nabidae based on a molecular dataset comprising 16 outgroup and 40 ingroup taxa. A total of 3791 base pairs of mitochondrial (16S, cytochrome oxidase subunit I) and nuclear (18S, 28S) sequences were analyzed based on parsimony, maximum likelihood and Bayesian inference. Topologies from all analyses were largely congruent. Except for the paraphyly of the second largest genus, Himacerus Wolff, Nabidae and all its subgroups were monophyletic. Based on the result, the validity of the genus Stalia Reuter was confirmed, and phylogenetic relationships of the clades at the genus level were discussed. Finally, a revised classification with the Stenonabini trib.n. is proposed. In addition, molecular dating analysis was used to estimate divergence times within Nabidae. Estimation based on the Bayesian framework revealed that the divergence between Nabinae and Prostemmatinae occurred during the Late Jurassic (152–154.44 Ma). Subsequently, most of the groups in Nabidae diversified in the Late Cretaceous. Based on the estimation result, we hypothesized that Nabinae has evolved and diversified with adaptation to angiosperm plants.