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Pterygium, a common ophthalmic disease that is caused by fibrovascular growth of conjunctiva and conjunctival melanocytic nevi that is another conjunctival disease, are detected by Raman spectroscopy in the present study. We find that there is an obvious increase in the intensity at the peak of 1,583 cm−1 that is assigned to C=C unsaturated fatty acids stretch of lipids in the pterygium tissue, and...
The naturally occurring structure of articular cartilage has proven to be an effective means for the facilitation of motion and load support in equine and other animal joints. Cartilage has been found to be a complex and dynamic medium, which has led to an incomplete understanding of the nature and operating mechanisms acting within a joint. Although cartilage has biphasic and triphasic properties,...
In this study, two‐photon microscopy (TPM) was applied to obtain high‐resolution, optically sectioned images with cellular morphology information from normal and cancerous nasopharyngeal tissue. Notable difference of nuclear‐cytoplasmic ratio was found between these two groups. In particular, fractal dimension (FD) analysis based on TPM images showed good differentiation between normal and cancerous...
Kaupp and Naimi‐Jamal (2010) claimed that the analysis of published loading curves reveals the exponent 3/2 to the depth for nanoindentations with sharp pyramidal or conical tips. To demonstrate this, they plotted the load vs. the penetration depth to the power 3/2. We show, through examples, the authors’ assertion is not credible because the methodology used is misleading and it cannot be asserted...
Aviation is one of the know‐how spheres containing a great deal of responsible sub‐assemblies, in this case landing gear. The necessity for reducing production cycle times while achieving better quality compels metrologists to look for new and improved ways to perform inspection of critical structures. This article describes the ability to determine the shape deviation and location of defects in landing...
The study of the complicated architecture of cell space structures is an important problem in biology and medical research. Optical cuts of cells produced by confocal microscopes enable two‐dimensional (2D) and three‐dimensional (3D) reconstructions of observed cells. This paper discuses new possibilities for direct volume rendering of these data. We often encounter 16 or more bit images in confocal...
Thin films of an organic ferroelectric system, poly(vinylidene fluoride with trifluoroethylene) P(VDF‐TrFE, Kureha Corporation, Tokyo, Japan) 75:25 layers, have been deposited on highly ordered pyrolytic graphite and silicon dioxide by the horizontal Schaefer method of Langmuir–Blodgett techniques. It is possible to “shave” or mechanically displace small regions of the polymer film by using atomic...
Since the way that human bone cells behave on contact with different surfaces topographies seems to be crucial to osseointegration, the aim of the present study is to evaluate the participation of some micro‐ and nanosized features of Ti surfaces in the short‐term response of primary human osteoblast‐like cells (HOC). Surfaces were prepared as ground (G‐Ti), hydrofluoric acid etched (HF‐Ti), and sandblasted/HF‐etched...
The purpose of the present study was to compare the effect of dry and aqueous conditions on the surface morphology and surface hardness of five materials 24 h after being used as fillings without initial setting time in dry condition. The five materials were ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), super EBA, intermediate restorative materials (IRM), zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE), and amalgam. To evaluate...
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