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Summary. In dynamic models of infectious disease transmission, typically various mixing patterns are imposed on the so‐called ‘who acquires infection from whom’ matrix. These imposed mixing patterns are based on prior knowledge of age‐related social mixing behaviour rather than observations. Alternatively, we can assume that transmission rates for infections transmitted predominantly through non‐sexual...
Summary. Recent advances in the development of technology based on Raman scattering as a chemical analytical technique have made it possible to detect spectral mixtures of multiple DNA sequences quantitatively. However, to exploit these techniques fully, inferential methodologies are required which can deconvolute the observed mixture and infer the composition of distinct DNA sequences in the overall...
Using data collected from the ‘Sequenced treatment alternatives to relieve depression’ study, we use logistic regression to predict whether a patient will respond to treatment on the basis of early symptom change and patient characteristics. Model selection criteria such as the Akaike information criterion AIC and mean‐squared‐error of prediction MSEP may not be appropriate if the aim is to predict...
In phase I clinical trials with cytostatic agents, the typical objective is to identify the optimal biological dose, which should be tolerable as well as achieving the highest effectiveness. Towards this goal, we consider binary toxicity and efficacy end points simultaneously and develop a two‐stage Bayesian adaptive design. Stage 1 searches for the maximum tolerated dose by using a beta–binomial...
Common to both diagnostic tests used in capture–recapture and score tests is the idea that starting from a simple base model it is possible to interrogate data to determine whether more complex parameter structures will be supported. Current recommendations advise that diagnostic tests are performed as a precursor to a model selection step. We show that certain well‐known diagnostic tests for examining...
Numerous biological processes, many impacting on human health, rely on collective cell movement. We develop nine candidate models, based on advection–diffusion partial differential equations, to describe various alternative mechanisms that may drive cell movement. The parameters of these models were inferred from one‐dimensional projections of laboratory observations of Dictyostelium discoideum cells...
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