A conventional parallel‐plate dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) model but with one dielectric layer having a wavy surface is purposely built for better understanding the plasma–surface interaction. The results of simulation under a kilohertz‐level alternating current voltage source indicate that the surface tends to impair the discharge uniformity and stimulate complementary filamentation. Upon analyzing the detailed transient processes, it is found that the alternations of filament positions in positive and negative discharges are mainly attributed to the local residual electrons and the electric field distortion near the wavy surface. Furthermore, the trends of discharge intensity and filament number under the variation of surface fluctuation are also revealed. The conclusions drawn here are general and would be helpful in understanding the plasma–surface interaction of the DBD with surface fluctuation.