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Emergency Department (ED) residents perceive Internet resources as reliable and regularly search the Internet to answer clinical questions in the ED. To determine the validity of the Internet and the Google® Search Engine, as a source for accurate information to answer clinical questions in ED, a single blinded prospective study was conducted. The search strategies used by Emergency Medical (EM) Residents...
As the social networking site Facebook has grown in popularity, some scholars have worried about the seemingly nonchalant attitude toward privacy fostered by the website. Privacy attitudes, engendered at Facebook, have implications that stretch far beyond that website. To understand the possible ramifications of these changing attitudes toward privacy, we must examine legal conceptions of privacy,...
In this work, a bibliometric research method was used where co‐authorships are regarded as an indicator of international research collaboration of Turkish, Greek, Polish, and Portuguese scientists; for comparison purposes scientists from the mainstream countries such as Belgium, Denmark, Switzerland, Norway, Sweden, and the Netherlands. The seventeen years (1990–2006) of scientific research collaboration of the aforementioned countries with the G7 nations (France, Germany, Italy, Japan, UK, USA, and Canada) was examined by using ISI Web of Science Database. Findings reveal that, Turkey clearly is experiencing a remarkable proportional co‐authorship growth rate with the G7 countries in comparison to Greece, Poland, Portugal, Denmark, Norway, Netherlands, Belgium, Switzerland, and Sweden, for the period of 1990–2006.
Human values are increasingly being used as a concept in a wide range of fields including psychology, sociology, anthropology, science and technology studies, and information science. However, the use of this concept varies widely in these different fields, and several different instruments have been developed separately to measure values. This paper reviews research to date on values in all of these...
Questions about a link between the administration of the pediatric measles mumps rubella (MMR) vaccine and subsequent diagnoses of autism have diffused widely through both the professional medical literature as well as through mass‐market media publications in recent years.
A 1998 study in Lancet (Wakefield et al.) proposed the initial MMR‐autism link, and as of this writing, has received over 600...
Information resources seem to be neither fully abstract universals, nor particular concrete arrangements of matter and energy. The subjects of our metadata statements are therefore elusive. This puzzle presents few practical problems for traditional documents, but applications such as scientific data management call for more precise accounts. The problem of relating fully abstract properties to events...
In this paper, we examine the use of Twitter by city police departments in large U.S. cities (cities with populations greater than 300,000). The purpose of our study is to determine what types of information are shared by city police departments over Twitter and to determine how the public uses the information shared to converse with the police departments and with each other. We read and analyzed...
A key goal of current research on interactive information seeking is to develop personalized search systems that respond to individual user needs in real time. Ideally, such systems will provide customized recommendations that help the user generate more effective queries. This paper reports on one experiment in a larger study that tests the hypothesis that the visual scanning of ranked search results...
Deception in computer‐mediated communication is defined as a message knowingly and intentionally transmitted by a sender to foster a false belief or conclusion by the perceiver. Stated beliefs about deception and deceptive messages or incidents are content analyzed in a sample of 324 computer‐mediated communications. Relevant stated beliefs are obtained through systematic sampling and querying of...
This paper describes a comparison of categorization criteria for three image genres. Two experiments were conducted, where naïve participants freely sorted stock photographs and abstract/surreal graphics. The results were compared to a previous study on magazine image categorization. The study also aimed to validate and generalize an existing framework for image categorization. Stock photographs were...
This paper describes the development of a scalable process for people and machines working together to identify sections of text that reflect specific human values. A total of 2,005 sentences from 28 prepared testimonies presented before hearings on Net neutrality were manually annotated for one or more of ten human values using an annotation frame based on experience annotating similar content using...
The preservation and reuse of scientific data are of increasing importance for many disciplines and fields, including the field of Intelligent Information Access (IIA). IIA researchers develop valuable knowledge systems and open‐source software through the use of resources developed by others. This paper presents the results of an online survey completed by IIA researchers in order to better understand...
In this paper we describe how different accounting procedures affected the counting of scientific paper numbers at the country level and the country ranks based on paper production quantity in physics. Using 1989–2008 citation data, we also report the counting inflation ratio between different accounting procedures. We found that, in general, different accounting procedures yielded relatively similar...
Ontologies play a critical role in information organization and can be used for a range of applications from information retrieval to knowledge discovery. However, manual ontology construction is extremely labor intensive. This paper describes a bootstrapping algorithm that, when provided with a seed term, automatically induces relations from text. We describe a series of experiments that explore...
During the twentieth century there was a strong desire for information studies to become scientific, to move from librarianship, bibliography, and documentation to an information science. In 1968 the American Documentation Institute was renamed American Society for Information Science. By the twenty‐first century, however, departments of (library and) information science had turned instead towards...
Large‐scale digitization initiatives (LSDIs) like Google Book Search and the Open Content Alliance have extraordinary potential to reshape the social world. However, the scholarly community currently lacks adequate conceptualizations to describe these phenomena and assess what they might portend. This paper examines the current state of the literature on LSDIs, finding hundreds of related articles...
Scholars are increasingly using the microblogging service Twitter as a communication platform. Since citing is a central practice of scholarly communication, we investigated whether and how scholars cite on Twitter. We conducted interviews and harvested 46,515 tweets from a sample of 28 scholars and found that they do cite on Twitter, though often indirectly. Twitter citations are part of a fast‐moving...
Many information portals are adding social features to enable benefits of Web 2.0. Such additions are undertaken with hopes of increasing the usefulness of the information and enhancing the overall user experience. Invitations and welcome pages that highlight these social features are expected to encourage use and participation. We studied the effects of emphasizing social features on users' responses...
The increasing popularity of applications that share location information over the internet enables the mapping of people's pictures and activities. Such applications often focus on the now, ignoring the importance of places and stories from the past. Inspired by recent work in HCI around reminiscing, in this paper we present a study in which 16 people used Google My Maps to write about their past,...
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