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The origin of the Brachiopoda has long been a hotly debated topic, and various models have been proposed following the latest finds of exceptionally preserved material. The lower Cambrian (Stage 3) Heliomedusa orienta from the Chengjiang Konservat‐Lagerstätte, eastern Yunnan of South China, is an important example of exceptional preservation. A wide variety of affinities have been proposed for Heliomedusa,...
The Paleocene (Danian) Clayton Formation of western Alabama, USA, includes multiple marine shelf parasequences, each comprising a relatively thick marl, capped by a thin limestone, the latter variably reflecting marine flooding episodes. The marls host relatively large firmground burrow systems that penetrate 50–60 cm beneath, and are cast by, superjacent limestones. Excavation of two partially exposed...
The zonation of the Furongian Alum Shale in Scandinavia, based on olenid trilobites, is reviewed and revised. The current scheme is rooted in a detailed zonation introduced in the late 1950s with subzones that subsequently have been elevated to zonal rank. Ten of these zones are difficult to recognize in all Alum Shale districts, and a revised zonation is proposed, focused on unambiguous identification...
Exceptionally well‐preserved proximal parts of colonies of the late Famennian heterocoral Oligophylloides maroccanus Weyer, 2017 with immured epizoans are described here from the Jebel Bou Ifarherioun ridge of the eastern Anti‐Atlas, Morocco. This is the first evidence of unique syn vivo interactions between a heterocoral and numerous epizoans, that is the colonial tabulate corals Zemmourella? sp...
Diversity indices (dominance and evenness) and ecological spatial structure (lifestyles and relative abundances) are important features of Changhsingian brachiopod communities prior to the end‐Permian mass extinction (EPME) and could predict temporal and spatial extinction patterns during the EPME. In South China, Changhsingian brachiopod communities show higher diversity than other contemporaneous...
In this study, the ontogenetic trajectories of septal spacing between succeeding chambers of five modern cuttlefishes, Sepia esculenta, S. lycidas, S. latimanus, S. pharaonic and Sepiella japonica, which were all wild‐caught around Japan, were analysed. The ontogenetic trajectories of septal spacing of all examined cuttlefishes demonstrate a decrease in septal spacing followed by an increase during...
Bryozoans offer one of the few systems in which competitive interactions for living space can be studied in the fossil record. Here, we describe the outcome of competitive overgrowths in a 3‐million‐year‐old bryozoan palaeocommunity encrusting shells of the bivalve Anomia simplex from the lower Tamiami Formation in Florida (upper Pliocene, Piacenzian). We found that win–lose overgrowths are more common...
The genus Xenophora comprises species of marine gastropods (Cretaceous‐Recent) able to add fragments of various origins to their shell surface. Agglutination potentials vary, from species lacking attachments to species completely covered by agglutinated materials, as in the Mediterranean species Xenophora crispa. Here, we analyse Recent and fossil specimens of Xenophora crispa from the Mediterranean...
Analysis of mushroom‐shaped rugose corals Schlotheimophyllum patellatum (Schlotheim, 1820) from the Silurian (Upper Visby Beds, Lower Wenlock, Sheinwoodian) of Gotland, Sweden, showed that they were colonized on both the upper (exposed) and lower (cryptic) sides by a variety of encrusting and boring (sclerobiont) biotas, represented by 10 taxa and at least 23 species. Bryozoans and microconchid tubeworms,...
Two significant stratigraphical microfossils, conodonts and radiolarians, are usually used for the Upper Triassic chronostratigraphy. The Baoshan Block was located in eastern Tethys during the Late Triassic where the biostratigraphical data of Upper Triassic are still poorly known. We collected new samples from the Hongyan section (HY) for biostratigraphical study. This 24‐m‐thick section in Dabaozi...
Ants exhibit a plethora of ecological interactions with terrestrial plants. These interactions are broadly surveyed in modern ecosystems, but are much more difficult to unveil in the fossil record. Here, we report a unique ant–conifer association preserved in an opaque piece of 100‐million‐year‐old amber from Charentes in Western France, revealed by propagation phase‐contrast X‐ray synchrotron microtomography...
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