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Being a major component of bone tissue, hydroxyapatite is the most investigated calcium phosphate in the design and development of bone implants. The high brittleness and poor load‐bearing properties have led researchers to manipulate hydroxyapatite performance by applying polymer or metal materials. The present study focuses on biomimetic approach of the hydroxyapatite synthesis from the cuttlefish...
Copper (Cu)‐doped calcium silicate nanoparticles were synthesized by a wet precipitation method as economical bone fracture filler. The aim was to improve the overall physicochemical properties, bioactivity, and biological performance of the bone fracture filler prepared herein. The synthesized nanoparticles were evaluated using X‐ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT‐IR),...
In order to make magnesium (Mg) a successful candidate for fracture fixation devices, it is imperative to control the corrosion rate and enhance its elastic modulus. In the present work, we have prepared bioactive glass (BG) reinforced magnesium composite using spark plasma sintering (SPS). Simultaneous application of heat and pressure during SPS decreased the softening point of BG (600°C), allowing...
Carbonate apatite (CO3Ap) blocks have attracted considerable attention as an artificial bone substitute material because CO3Ap is a component of and shares properties with bone, including high osteoconductivity and replacement by bone similar to autografts. In this study, we fabricated an interconnected porous CO3Ap block using α‐tricalcium phosphate (TCP) spheres and evaluated the tissue response...
No current clinical treatments provide an ideal long‐term solution for repair of long bone segment defects. Incomplete healing prevents patients from returning to preinjury activity and ultimately requires additional surgery to induce healing. Obtaining autologous graft material is costly, incurs morbidity, requires surgical time, and quality material is finite. In this pilot study, 3D printed biomimetic...
The in vivo release of wear debris and corrosion products from the metallic interfaces of total hip replacements is associated with a wide spectrum of adverse body reactions and systemic manifestations. The origin of debris and the electrochemical conditions at the sites of material loss both play a role in determining the physicochemical characteristics of the particles, and thus influence their...
Poly‐ether‐ether‐ketone (PEEK), having shown favorable biocompatibility in spinal applications is being considered as an alternative biomaterial in orthopaedics, either as part of an all‐polymer bearing couple, or a replacement for the metallic component in hard‐on‐soft bearings. Throughout the literature ultra‐high molecular weight polyethylene exhibits a range of wear behavior dependent upon the...
CaSO4/CaPO4‐TCP bone graft substitute has been shown to be effective for treatment of bone lesion defects, but its mechanical, histological, and radiographic characteristics have not been studied in direct comparison with a conventional treatment such as cancellous allograft bone. Thirteen canines had a critical‐size axial defect created bilaterally into the proximal humerus. CaSO4/CaPO4‐TCP bone...
Magnesium (Mg) and its alloys are candidate materials for resorbable implantable devices, such as orthopedic devices or cardiovascular stents. Mg has a number advantages, including mechanical properties, light weight, its osteogenic effects and the fact that its degradation products are nontoxic and naturally present in the body. However, production of H2 gas during the corrosion reaction can cause...
Research characterizing transport of nutrients and waste in tissue engineering scaffolds has led to the study of scaffold properties that contribute to permeability and porosity of the scaffold. Both permeability and porosity contribute to the transport properties of the scaffold; however, permeability relates to the degree to which pores are interconnected within the scaffold. This work evaluated...
This prospective study examined the content of metals released from total joint arthroplasty into joint fluid, whole blood and periprosthetic tissues. We determined the levels of Ti, V, Nb, Co, Cr, and Mo, using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, in samples from patients who underwent reoperation of total hip or knee arthroplasty. All of the patients (n = 117) included in the study had...
The gold standard of care for coronary artery disease, a leading cause of death for in the world, is balloon angioplasty in conjunction with stent deployment. However, implantation injuries and long‐term presence of foreign material often promotes significant luminal tissue growth, leading to a narrowing of the artery and severely restricted blood flow. A promising method to mitigate this process...
Esophageal diseases may require resectioning of the damaged portion. The current standard of care requires the replacement of the esophagus with the stomach or the intestine. Such procedures have high rates of mortality and morbidity; therefore, the use of alternative conduits is needed. A tissue engineering approach that allows for the regeneration of esophageal tissues would have significant clinical...
Cell‐substrate interactions involve constant probing of microenvironment by cells. One of the responses of cells to environmental cues is to change the conformation of their cytoplasm and nucleus. We hypothesized that surface chemistry and topography could be engineered to make these differences significant enough. When designing the substrates that would accentuate these differences, we prepared...
In the area of biomaterials, fibers not only offer increased mechanical response, but also serve as an extracellular matrix mimicking morphology to direct cellular attachment and proliferation. While biologically similar in morphology, soft, and flexible hydrogel materials have low mechanical properties. For applications in tissue engineering, the lack of directional cues and attachment regions within...
Biomaterials are used in the granular form to fill small bone defects. Granules can be prepared with a grinder from trabecular bone samples or provided as synthetic biomaterials by industry. Granules occupy the 3D‐space and create a macroporosity allowing invasion of vascular and bone cells when the inter‐granular pores are larger than 300 µm. We compared the 3D‐porosity of granule stacks obtained...
This study evaluated physical–chemical characteristics of a vacuumed collagen‐impregnated bioglass (BG) scaffolds and bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) behavior on those composites. scanning electron microscope and energy dispersive x‐ray spectroscope demonstrated collagen (Col) was successfully introduced into BG. Vacuum impregnation system has showed efficiency for Col impregnation in BG scaffolds...
Bioactive hydraulic tricalcium silicate materials are commonly used in several dental procedures. Mineral Trioxide Aggregate (MTA) is one such material, which is used in a variety of clinical applications, the most recent of which is root canal sealing material, during which, the MTA potentially comes in contact with remnants of the chemical agents used for disinfecting root canals. The effects of...
This study aimed to evaluate the tissue reaction of ethylene‐vinyl acetate (EVA) in 4 different compositions and processing: EVA foamed at high pressure with ultrasound (EVACU); EVA with 15% starch foamed at high pressure with ultrasound (EVAMCU); EVA with 15% starch foamed at high pressure without ultrasound and EVA foamed at high pressure without ultrasound as future use as a porous scaffold. Scanning...
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