International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology

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Foreword: Introduction

Douglas W. Templeton

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology > 7 > 5 > 565 - 565

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Using Hertzian Indentation to Understand the Strength and Ballistic Resistance of Silicon Carbide

Timothy J. Holmquist, Andrew A. Wereszczak

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology > 7 > 5 > 625 - 634

This article presents an initial evaluation of the usefulness of spherical or Hertzian indentation for the determination and/or validation of constitutive models and for a potential link to ballistic resistance (interface defeat). Recent advancements in producing more confident elevated stress levels in Hertzian indentation make the usefulness of this test much more feasible. There are very few experimental...

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A Screening Design Approach for the Understanding of Spark Plasma Sintering Parameters: A Case of Translucent Polycrystalline Undoped Alumina

Yann Aman, Vincent Garnier, Elisabeth Djurado

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology > 7 > 5 > 574 - 586

An experimental screening design was used to evaluate the effects of spark plasma sintering (SPS) parameters such as heating rate, sintering temperature, dwell duration, and green‐shaping processing on the relative density, grain size, and the optical properties of polycrystalline alumina (PCA). It is shown that heating rate and sintering temperature are the most critical factors for the densification...

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The Damage Mechanism Route to Better Armor Materials

Donald A. Shockey, Jeffrey W. Simons, Donald R. Curran

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology > 7 > 5 > 566 - 573

This paper describes the mechanisms by which brittle materials are penetrated by impacting projectiles, links ballistic performance to fracture behavior, and in turn to microstructure, and suggests a route unexplored previously for achieving better armor materials. Fracture patterns on cross sections through partially penetrated glass and ceramic targets show that deep penetration proceeds by the...

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Armor Options: A Comparison of the Dynamic Response of Materials in the Aluminum Oxide–Aluminum Nitride Family

C. Scott Alexander, William D. Reinhart, Tom F. Thornhill, Lalit C. Chhabildas

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology > 7 > 5 > 587 - 594

For armor applications, ceramic materials are often useful due to their high dynamic strength. In some instances, in addition to high strength, the armor must also be transparent, which significantly limits the choices of materials. Materials in the aluminum oxide–aluminum nitride family (including Al₂O₃ and AlON) are both strong and transparent. Only the end compound AlN is opaque. In this paper,...

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Dynamic Ring‐on‐Ring Equibiaxial Flexural Strength of Borosilicate Glass

Xu Nie, Weinong W. Chen, Douglas W. Templeton

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology > 7 > 5 > 616 - 624

A novel dynamic ring‐on‐ring equibiaxial flexural testing technique with single pulse loading capability is established on a modified Kolsky bar. This technique is then utilized to investigate the loading‐rate and surface‐condition effects on the flexural strength of a borosilicate glass. Quasi‐static and dynamic experiments are performed at loading rates ranging from 5 × 10⁻¹ to 5 × 10⁶ MPa/s. It...

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Size‐Scaling of Tensile Failure Stress in a Hot‐Pressed Silicon Carbide

Andrew A. Wereszczak, Timothy P. Kirkland, Kevin T. Strong, James Campbell, more

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology > 7 > 5 > 635 - 642

Quasi‐static Weibull strength‐size scaling of hot‐pressed silicon carbide is described. Two surface conditions (uniaxial ground and uniaxial ground followed by grit blasting) were explored. Strength test coupons sampled effective areas from the very small (4 × 10⁻³ mm²) to the very large (4 × 10⁴ mm²). Equibiaxial flexure and Hertzian ring crack initiation were used for the strength tests, and characteristic...

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Flexural Strength, Fracture Toughness, and Hardness of Silicon Carbide and Boron Carbide Armor Ceramics

Lionel Vargas‐Gonzalez, Robert F. Speyer, James Campbell

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology > 7 > 5 > 643 - 651

Armor‐grade B₄C and SiC specimens were analyzed for phase assemblage, microstructure, and mechanical properties. SiC–N showed the highest four‐point fracture strength, and an ∼50% higher notched beam fracture toughness than solid‐state sintered B₄C and SiC. This was attributed to preferential crack propagation along a weaker amorphous aluminosilicate grain‐boundary interphase, which also attenuated...

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Inelastic Deformation Mechanisms and Damage in Structural Ceramics Subjected to High‐Velocity Impact

Jerry C. LaSalvia, James W. McCauley

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology > 7 > 5 > 595 - 605

The inelastic deformation mechanisms and damage features observed in structural ceramics subjected to nonpenetrating, high‐velocity impacts are similar to those seen in quasistatic Hertzian indentation, albeit more severe. For impacts on large ceramic bodies (relative to impactor diameter), cone cracking is the primary mechanism in regions of high tensile stresses. In regions of nonhydrostatic compressive...

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The Use of Sphere Indentation Experiments to Characterize Ceramic Damage Models

R. Brian Leavy, Rebecca M. Brannon, O. Erik Strack

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology > 7 > 5 > 606 - 615

Sphere impact experiments are used to calibrate and validate ceramic models that include statistical variability and/or scale effects in strength and toughness parameters. These dynamic experiments supplement traditional characterization experiments such as tension, triaxial compression, Brazilian, and plate impact, which are commonly used for ceramic model calibration. The fractured ceramic specimens...

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Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) for Characterizing Oxidation Damage in Cracked Reinforced Carbon–Carbon

Don J. Roth, Nathan S. Jacobson, Richard W. Rauser, Russell A. Wincheski, more

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology > 7 > 5 > 652 - 661

In this study, coated reinforced carbon–carbon (RCC) samples of similar structure and composition as that from the NASA space shuttle orbiter's thermal protection system were fabricated with slots in their coating simulating craze cracks. These specimens were used to study oxidation damage detection and characterization using nondestructive evaluation (NDE) methods. These specimens were heat treated...

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Metal Corrosion and its Impact on Glass Tempering Furnace Design

Peter Tiernan, Michael D. Naughton

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology > 7 > 5 > 687 - 696

A reliable well‐designed tempering furnace is considered to be the cornerstone of any modern glass‐processing facility. This paper addresses a series of engineering anomalies encountered during the commissioning of such a glass‐processing furnace. Following the installation of a furnace in a European facility, small black deposits were noticed on both the silica‐fused rollers used to transport the...

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CMAS‐Resistant Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBC)

Amarendra K. Rai, Rabi S. Bhattacharya, Douglas E. Wolfe, Timothy J. Eden

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology > 7 > 5 > 662 - 674

Electron beam‐physical vapor‐deposited thermal barrier coatings (TBC) are susceptible to damage due to environmental contaminants such as calcium–magnesium–aluminum–silicon oxide systems (CMAS). This paper discusses various approaches of modifying TBC for enhanced protection against CMAS attack. Methodologies were explored with various coating systems maintaining functionality as nonwetting, sacrificial,...

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Tribology–Structure Relationships in Silicon Oxycarbide Thin Films

Joseph V. Ryan, Paolo Colombo, Jane A. Howell, Carlo G. Pantano

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology > 7 > 5 > 675 - 686

Silicon oxycarbide is a versatile material system that is attractive for many applications because of its ability to tune properties such as chemical compatibility, refractive index, electrical conductivity, and optical band gap through changes in composition. One particularly intriguing application lies in the production of biocompatible coatings with good mechanical properties. In this paper, we...

INFONA - science communication portal

International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology

Foreword: Introduction

Using Hertzian Indentation to Understand the Strength and Ballistic Resistance of Silicon Carbide

A Screening Design Approach for the Understanding of Spark Plasma Sintering Parameters: A Case of Translucent Polycrystalline Undoped Alumina

The Damage Mechanism Route to Better Armor Materials

Armor Options: A Comparison of the Dynamic Response of Materials in the Aluminum Oxide–Aluminum Nitride Family

Dynamic Ring‐on‐Ring Equibiaxial Flexural Strength of Borosilicate Glass

Size‐Scaling of Tensile Failure Stress in a Hot‐Pressed Silicon Carbide

Flexural Strength, Fracture Toughness, and Hardness of Silicon Carbide and Boron Carbide Armor Ceramics

Inelastic Deformation Mechanisms and Damage in Structural Ceramics Subjected to High‐Velocity Impact

The Use of Sphere Indentation Experiments to Characterize Ceramic Damage Models

Nondestructive Evaluation (NDE) for Characterizing Oxidation Damage in Cracked Reinforced Carbon–Carbon

Metal Corrosion and its Impact on Glass Tempering Furnace Design

CMAS‐Resistant Thermal Barrier Coatings (TBC)

Tribology–Structure Relationships in Silicon Oxycarbide Thin Films

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