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For the construction of the first tube of the Pfänder Tunnel, a pilot tunnel was excavated in 1974/1975 in advance of the main tunnel using two open TBMs. As a result of the positive experiences made with the pilot tunnel, the tenders for the excavation of the first tube included both a NATM advance and a TBM advance with open TBM. On the basis of the offers obtained, the first tube was constructed...
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