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Objective
To investigate how prolonged seizure activity affects cardiorespiratory function and activity of pre‐Bötzinger complex, leading to sudden death.
Methods
Urethane‐anesthetized female Long‐Evans rats were implanted with nasal thermocouple; venous and arterial cannulae; and electrodes for electrocardiography (ECG) and hippocampal, cortical, and brainstem recording. Kainic acid injection...
Objective
Status epilepticus (SE) is the most common neurologic emergency in childhood. This study aimed to report on a large cohort of pediatric patients with SE, applying the International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) Classification for SE to identify prognostic factors.
Methods
We included 173 children treated at “Bambino Gesù” Children's Hospital in Rome for SE exceeding 30 minutes (mean...
Objective
Much evidence suggests that the subiculum plays a significant role in the regulation of epileptic activity. Lactate acts as a neuroprotective agent against many conditions that cause brain damage. During epileptic seizures, lactate formation reaches up to ~6 mmol/L in the brain. We investigated the effect of lactate on subicular pyramidal neurons after induction of epileptiform activity...
Objective
Cortical spreading depolarization (SD) and seizures are often co‐occurring electrophysiological phenomena. However, the cross‐layer dynamics of SD during seizures and the effect of SD on epileptic activity across cortical layers remain largely unknown.
Methods
We explored the spatial‐temporal dynamics of SD and epileptic activity across layers of the rat barrel cortex using direct current...
Objective
To screen a library of potential therapeutic compounds for a woman with Lennox‐Gastaut syndrome due to a Y302C GABRB3 (c.905A>G) mutation.
Methods
We compared the electrophysiological properties of cells with wild‐type or the pathogenic GABRB3 mutation.
Results
Among 1320 compounds, multiple candidates enhanced GABRB3 channel conductance in cell models. Vinpocetine, an alkaloid derived...
Objective
Novel treatments are needed to control treatment‐resistant status epilepticus (SE). We present a summary of clinical cases where oral topiramate (TPM) was used in refractory SE (RSE) and superrefractory SE (SRSE).
Methods
A review of medical records was carried out to detect TPM administration in SE patients treated in Frankfurt and Marburg between 2011 and 2016. The primary outcome question...
Objective
We evaluated the impact of monitoring indication, early electroencephalography (EEG), and clinical features on seizure risk in all neonates undergoing continuous EEG (cEEG) monitoring following a standardized monitoring protocol.
Methods
All cEEGs from unique neonates 34‐48 weeks postmenstrual age monitored from 1/2011‐10/2017 (n = 291) were included. We evaluated the impact of cEEG monitoring...
Objective
A large‐scale, double‐blind trial (SP0993; NCT01243177) demonstrated that lacosamide was noninferior to controlled‐release carbamazepine (carbamazepine‐CR) in terms of efficacy, and well tolerated as first‐line monotherapy in patients (≥16 years of age) with newly diagnosed epilepsy. We report primary safety outcomes from the double‐blind extension of the noninferiority trial (SP0994; NCT01465997)...
Objective
To examine longitudinal seizure and functional outcomes after hemispherectomy in adults and adolescents.
Methods
We reviewed 47 consecutive patients older than 16 years who underwent hemispherectomy between 1996 and 2016 at our center. Clinical, electroencephalographic (EEG), imaging, neuropsychological, surgical, and functional status data were analyzed.
Results
Thirty‐six patients...
Objective
To evaluate the localization value and prognostic significance of subclinical seizures (SCSs) on scalp video‐electroencephalography monitoring (VEEG) in comparison to clinical seizures (CSs) in patients who had epilepsy surgery.
Methods
We included 123 consecutive patients who had SCSs and CSs during scalp‐VEEG evaluation. All patients had subsequent epilepsy surgery and at least 1‐year...
Objective
To evaluate the presence of tau deposition and pathologic features of chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) in young adult patients treated with focal cortical resections for drug‐resistant epilepsy.
Methods
Sixty consecutive patients who had undergone surgical treatment for drug‐resistant focal epilepsy between 18 and 45 years of age were identified (2010‐2017). Medical records were...
Objective
Interictal epileptiform anomalies such as epileptiform discharges or high‐frequency oscillations show marked variations across the sleep‐wake cycle. This study investigates which state of vigilance is the best to localize the epileptogenic zone (EZ) in interictal intracranial electroencephalography (EEG).
Methods
Thirty patients with drug‐resistant epilepsy undergoing stereo‐EEG (SEEG)/sleep...
Objective
The endocannabinoid system (ECS) is comprised of cannabinoid receptors 1 and 2 (CB1R and CB2R), endogenous ligands, and regulatory enzymes, and serves to regulate several important physiological functions throughout the brain and body. Recent evidence suggests that the ECS may be a promising target for the treatment of epilepsy, including epilepsy subtypes that arise from mutations in the...
Objective
Epilepsy is common and carries substantial morbidity, and therefore identifying cost‐effective health interventions is essential. Cost‐utility analysis is a widely used method for such analyses. For this, health conditions are rated in terms of utilities, which provide a standardized score to reflect quality of life. Utilities are obtained either indirectly using quality of life questionnaires,...
Objective
Temporal lobe epilepsy is a common form of epilepsy that might be amenable to surgery. However, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)‐negative hippocampal sclerosis (HS) can hamper early diagnosis and surgical intervention for patients in clinical practice, resulting in disease progression. Our aim was to automatically detect and evaluate the structural alterations of HS.
Methods
Eighty patients...
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