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ObjectiveTo evaluate white matter (WM) integrity of distinct groups of patients with antiepileptic drug (AED)–resistant localization‐related epilepsies.
MethodsWe used diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) fiber‐tractography and voxel‐based morphometry (VBM) to investigate differences of WM micro‐ and macrostructural integrity in patients with different drug‐resistant localization‐related epilepsies: 17...
Postictal refractoriness checked by paired stimulations of the limbic structures was demonstrated to fail in rats <2 weeks old. Cortical epileptic afterdischarges were used in our study to examine if this phenomenon is restricted to old cortical structures or if it is a general one. Rats 12, 15, 18, 25, and 90 days old with implanted electrodes formed the experimental groups. Stimulation was performed...
ObjectiveTo describe the etiologies, clinical presentations, outcomes, and predictors of postencephalitic epilepsy (PE) in a large series of adult patients with acute encephalitis.
MethodsWe conducted a retrospective review of patients diagnosed with acute encephalitis at Mayo Clinic, Rochester, between January 2000 and December 2012. The patients were categorized into two groups based on the presence...
This study aimed to determine clinical features of adult patients with gelastic seizures recorded on video –electroencephalography (EEG) over a 5‐year period. We screened video‐EEG telemetry reports for the occurrence of the term “gelastic” seizures, and assessed the semiology, EEG features, and duration of those seizures. Gelastic seizures were identified in 19 (0.8%) of 2,446 admissions. The presumed...
ObjectiveFocal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is currently recognized as the most common cause of neocortical pharmacoresistant epilepsy. Epilepsy surgery has become an increasingly successful treatment option. Herein, the largest patient cohort reported to date is analyzed regarding long‐term outcome and factors relevant for long‐term seizure control.
MethodsTwo hundred eleven children and adults undergoing...
The clinical pharmacology profile of a drug critically determines its therapeutics, and this review summarizes the characteristics associated with the antiepileptic drug (AED) perampanel. A PubMed literature search was performed for perampanel. Congress abstract data are included where necessary and Eisai Ltd provided access to unpublished data on file. After oral ingestion, perampanel is rapidly...
Oxcarbazepine (OXC), widely used to treat focal epilepsy, is reported to exacerbate seizures in patients with generalized epilepsy. OXC is metabolized to monohydroxy derivatives in two enantiomeric forms: (R)‐licarbazepine and (S)‐licarbazepine. Eslicarbazepine acetate is a recently approved antiepileptic drug that is rapidly metabolized to (S)‐licarbazepine. It is not known whether (S)‐licarbazepine...
ObjectivesMutations in the ATP1α3 subunit of the neuronal Na+/K+‐ATPase are thought to be responsible for seizures, hemiplegias, and other symptoms of alternating hemiplegia of childhood (AHC). However, the mechanisms through which ATP1A3 mutations mediate their pathophysiologic consequences are not yet understood. The following hypotheses were investigated: (1) Our novel knock‐in mouse carrying the...
ObjectiveThe goal of this work is to establish a new dual‐modal brain‐mapping technique based on diffuse optical tomography (DOT) and electroencephalographic source localization (ESL) that can chronically/intracranially record optical/electroencephalography (EEG) data to precisely map seizures and localize the seizure‐onset zone and associated epileptic brain network.
MethodsThe dual‐modal imaging...
ObjectiveHemispherectomy is an established surgical treatment for carefully selected pediatric patients with intractable epilepsy. Published perioperative data report low mortality rates and seizure reduction rates of 50–89%. This study investigates trends in the demographics, hospital utilization, and in‐hospital complication rates of patients undergoing hemispherectomy over the past decade in the...
ObjectiveTo assess incidence, prevalence, risk factors, and prognosis of peripartum depression and anxiety in a prospective study of women with epilepsy.
MethodPregnancies in women with epilepsy (n = 706) were compared to pregnancies in all women without epilepsy (n = 106 511) including women with specified nonepileptic chronic diseases (n = 8,372) in the Norwegian Mother and Child Cohort Study....
ObjectiveNo formal guidelines for diagnosing psychogenic nonepileptic seizures (PNES) in children exist, and little is known about the clinical practice of diagnosing PNES in the pediatric setting. We therefore performed a national survey as a first step to document pediatricians’ current diagnostic practice for PNES.
MethodsA questionnaire was distributed to all pediatricians (n = 64) working in...
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