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Floral microbes, including bacteria and fungi, alter nectar quality, thus changing pollinator visitation. Conversely, pollinator visitation can change the floral microbial community.
Most studies on dispersal of floral microbes have focused on bees, ants or hummingbirds, yet Lepidoptera are important pollinators.
We asked (a) where are microbes present on the butterfly body, (b) do butterflies transfer...
Anthropogenic changes highly impact the world's biodiversity. An important human‐driven change to natural environments is increasing urbanisation, which is responsible for decreasing suitable habitats for many wild species, including bees.
In this study, we investigate if three levels of urbanisation (low, medium and high) affect body size, foraging efforts and abundance of the sweat bee Agapostemon virescens...