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Distribution of blood flow in myocardium is a key determinant of the localization and severity of myocardial ischemia under impaired coronary perfusion conditions. Previous studies have extensively demonstrated the transmural difference of ischemic vulnerability. However, it remains incompletely understood how transmural myocardial flow is regulated under in vivo conditions. In the present study,...
Ageing plays a fundamental role in arterial blood transport and heat transfer within a human body. The aim of this work is to provide a comprehensive methodology, based on biomechanical considerations, for modelling arterial flow and energy exchange mechanisms in the body accounting for age‐induced changes. The study outlines a framework for age‐related modifications within several interlinked subsystems,...
The cover image is based on the Research Article Investigation of raphe function in the bicuspid aortic valve and its influence on clinical criteria—A patient‐specific finite element study, by Jérémy Dallard et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.3117.
The main goal of this numerical study is to assess the impact of geometric design perturbations on the performance of a representative coronary stent platform. In this context, first, a design parameterization model was defined for the stent under study. After, a set of metrics characterizing stent performance, namely, vessel injury, radial recoil, bending resistance, longitudinal resistance, radial...
A 1‐dimensional (1D)‐3‐dimensional (3D) multiscale model for the human vascular network was proposed by combining a low‐fidelity 1D modeling of blood circulation to account for the global hemodynamics with a detailed 3D simulation of a zonal vascular segment. The coupling approach involves a direct exchange of flow and pressure information at interfaces between the 1D and 3D models and thus enables...
The aortic valve is normally composed of 3 cusps. In one common lesion, 2 cusps are fused together. The conjoined area of the fused cusps is termed raphe. Occurring in 1% to 2% of the population, the bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is the most common congenital cardiac malformation. The majority of BAV patients eventually require surgery. There is a lack in the literature regarding modeling of the raphe...
Motivated by the search for new strategies for fitting a material model, a new approach is explored in the present work. The use of numerical and complex algorithms based on machine learning techniques such as support vector machines for regression, bagged decision trees, and artificial neural networks is proposed for solving the parameter identification of constitutive laws for soft biological tissues...
Obstruction in the ureter flow path is one of the most common problems in urinary‐related diseases. As the ureter transports the urine using the expansion bolus created by the peristaltic pulses, an obstruction in its path can cause unwanted backflow and can also result in damage to the wall. But in order to understand this further, and specifically to quantify and parametrize the effect of the obstruction...
The mechanical response of cells to stimuli tightly couples biochemical and biomechanical processes, which describe fundamental properties such as cell growth and reorientation. Cells interact continuously with their external surroundings, the extracellular matrix (ECM), by establishing a bond between cell and ECM through the formation of focal adhesions. Focal adhesions are made up of integrins,...
Introduction
Flow‐induced shear stresses have been found to be a stimulatory factor in pre‐osteoblastic cells seeded in 3D porous scaffolds and cultured under continuous flow perfusion. However, due to the complex internal structure of the scaffolds, whole scaffold calculations of the local shear forces are computationally intensive. Instead, representative volume elements (RVEs), which are obtained...
Introduction
Connecting local hemodynamics, biomechanics, and tissue properties in cerebral aneurysms is important for understanding the processes of wall degeneration and subsequent aneurysm progression and rupture. This challenging problem requires integration of data from multiple sources.
Methods
This paper describes the tools and techniques developed to integrate data from multiple sources,...
In this paper, we propose a finite element–based immersed method to treat the mechanical coupling between a deformable porous medium model (PM) and an immersed solid model (ISM). The PM is formulated as a homogenized, volume‐coupled two‐field model, comprising a nearly incompressible solid phase that interacts with an incompressible Darcy‐Brinkman flow. The fluid phase is formulated with respect to...
The current study aims to computationally evaluate the effect of right upper arm position on the geometric and hemodynamic characteristics of the brachial artery (BA) and cephalic vein (CV) and, furthermore, to present in detail the methodology to characterise morphological and hemodynamical healthy vessels. Ten healthy volunteers were analysed in two configurations, the supine (S) and the prone (P)...
Ruptured aneurysms are known to have complex flow patterns and concentrated inflow jet, but a quantifiable measure for the degree of flow complexity in patient‐specific geometries has not been established. Previously, we proposed a flow complexity parameter that provides a quantitative description of the complexity of flow patterns through calculated curvature and torsion of the flow field. The purpose...
The increasing use of computational fluid dynamics for simulating blood flow in clinics demands the identification of appropriate patient‐specific boundary conditions for the customization of the mathematical models. These conditions should ideally be retrieved from measurements. However, finite resolution of devices as well as other practical/ethical reasons prevent the construction of complete data...
The nonlocal modified Poisson‐Boltzmann equation (NMPBE) is one important variant of a commonly used dielectric continuum model, the Poisson‐Boltzmann equation (PBE), for computing electrostatics of biomolecules. In this paper, an accelerated NMPBE solver is constructed by finite element and finite difference hybrid techniques. It is then programmed as a software package for computing electrostatic...
The cover image is based on the Research Article Morphological and hemodynamical alterations in brachial artery and cephalic vein. An image‐based study for preoperative assessment for vascular access creation by Nicolas Aristokleous et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.3136.
The cover image is based on the Research Article Numerical accuracy comparison of two boundary conditions commonly used to approximate shear stress distributions in tissue engineering scaffolds cultured under flow perfusion by Olufemi E. Kadri et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.3132.
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