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Mathematical modeling of thrombosis typically involves modeling the coagulation cascade. Models of coagulation generally involve the reaction kinetics for dozens of proteins. The resulting system of equations is difficult to parameterize, and its numerical solution is challenging when coupled to blood flow or other physics important to clotting. Prior research suggests that essential aspects of coagulation...
Computational biomechanics of the brain for neurosurgery is an emerging area of research recently gaining in importance and practical applications. This review paper presents the contributions of the Intelligent Systems for Medicine Laboratory and its collaborators to this field, discussing the modeling approaches adopted and the methods developed for obtaining the numerical solutions. We adopt a...
Advances in ventricular assist device (VAD) technology for the treatment of end‐stage congestive heart failure (CHF) are needed to cope with the increasing numbers of patients that cannot be provided with donor hearts for transplantation. We develop and investigate a novel extravascular VAD technology that provides biventricular, epicardial pressure support for the failing heart. This novel VAD concept...
The optimum scaffold for tissue engineering must guarantee the mechanical integrity in the damaged zone and ensure an appropriate stiffness to regulate the cellular function. For this to happen, scaffolds must be designed to match the stiffness of the native tissue. Moreover, the degradation rate in the case of bioresorbable materials must also be considered to fit the tissue regeneration rate. This...
The cover image is based on the Original Article Modeling the Mitral Valve by Alexander Kaiser, C. S. Peskin, and David McQueen https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.3240
The aim of this work is to develop a novel computational approach to facilitate the modeling of angiogenesis during tumor growth. The preexisting vasculature is modeled as a 1D inclusion and embedded into the 3D tissue through a suitable coupling method, which allows for nonmatching meshes in 1D and 3D domain. The neovasculature, which is formed during angiogenesis, is represented in a homogenized...
The cover image is based on the Original Article In silico study of vessel and stent‐graft parameters on the potential success of endovascular aneurysm repair by Michael W. Gee, Andre Hemmler, Brigitta Lutz et al., https://doi.org/10.1002/cnm.3237
In this work, we estimate the diagnostic threshold of the instantaneous wave‐free ratio (iFR) through the use of a one‐dimensional haemodynamic framework. To this end, we first compared the computed fractional flow reserve (cFFR) predicted from a 1D computational framework with invasive clinical measurements. The framework shows excellent promise and utilises minimal patient data from a cohort of...
The variety of stent‐graft (SG) design variables (eg, SG type and degree of SG oversizing) and the complexity of decision making whether a patient is suitable for endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) raise the need for the development of predictive tools to assist clinicians in the preinterventional planning phase. Recently, some in silico EVAR methods have been developed to predict the deployed SG...
This work is concerned with modeling and simulation of the mitral valve, one of the four valves in the human heart. The valve is composed of leaflets, the free edges of which are supported by a system of chordae, which themselves are anchored to the papillary muscles inside the left ventricle. First, we examine valve anatomy and present the results of original dissections. These display the gross...
In Coulter counters, cells counting and volumetry are achieved by monitoring their electrical print when they flow through a sensing zone. However, the volume measurement may be impaired by the cell dynamics, which may be difficult to control. In this paper, numerical simulations of the dynamics and electrical signature of red blood cells in a Coulter counter are presented, accounting for the deformability...
We present a coupled left atrium‐mitral valve model based on computed tomography scans with fibre‐reinforced hyperelastic materials. Fluid‐structure interaction is realised by using an immersed boundary‐finite element framework. Effects of pathological conditions, eg, mitral valve regurgitation and atrial fibrillation, and geometric and structural variations, namely, uniform vs non‐uniform atrial...
Finite element (FE)–based studies of preoperative processes such as folding, pleating, and stent crimping with a comparison with experimental inflation tests are not yet available. Therefore, a novel workflow is presented in which residual stresses of balloon folding and pleating, as well as stent crimping, and the geometries of all contact partners were ultimately implemented in an FE code to simulate...
The aim of this work was to use a multiscale modeling to study the influence of stent deployment, with generic stents, on flow distributions within the vascular network and the hemodynamic alterations within the cerebral aneurysms pre‐ and post‐stenting. To achieve this goal, two image‐based anatomical cerebral aneurysm models were reconstructed along with the respective aneurysms post‐stenting models...
In the present work, we perform numerical simulations of the fluid flow in type B aortic dissection (AD), accounting for the flexibility of the intimal flap. The interaction of the flow with the intimal flap is modeled using a monolithic arbitrary Lagrangian/Eulerian fluid‐structure interaction model. The model relies on choosing velocity as the kinematic variable in both domains (fluid and solid)...
Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is an effective treatment for cardiac arrhythmias. Although generally safe, it is not completely exempt from the risk of complications. The great flexibility of computational models can be a major asset in optimizing interventional strategies if they can produce sufficiently precise estimations of the generated lesion for a given ablation protocol. This requires...
The biomechanical properties of gastrointestinal (GI) tissue play a significant role in the normal functioning of the organ. GI soft tissues exhibit a highly nonlinear rate‐ and time‐dependent stress‐strain behaviour. In recent years, many constitutive relations have been proposed to characterize these properties. However, a constitutive relation is not sufficient to analyse the biomechanics at the...
We consider a multiscale approach based on immersed methods for the efficient computational modeling of tissues composed of an elastic matrix (in two or three dimensions) and a thin vascular structure (treated as a co‐dimension two manifold) at a given pressure. We derive different variational formulations of the coupled problem, in which the effect of the vasculature can be surrogated in the elasticity...
Blast‐induced traumatic brain injury (TBI) has been affecting combatants and civilians. The blast pressure wave is thought to have a significant contribution to blast‐related TBI. Due to the limitations and difficulties of conducting blast tests on surrogates, computational modelling has been used as a key method for exploring this field. However, the blast wave modelling methods reported in current...
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