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Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a heterogeneous disease; gene expression analyses recently identified 6 distinct TNBC subtypes, each of which displays a unique biology. Exploring novel approaches for the treatment of these subtypes is critical, especially because the median survival for women with metastatic TNBC is less than 12 months, and virtually all women with metastatic TNBC ultimately...
BACKGROUNDThe purpose of this study was to identify genome‐wide single nucleotide variants and mutations in African American patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). There is a need of such studies in African Americans, because they display a higher incidence of aggressive CRC tumors.
METHODSWe performed whole exome sequencing (WES) on DNA from 12 normal/tumor pairs of African American CRC patient...
BACKGROUNDQuality care for patients with cancer often requires access to specialty providers, but little is known about barriers to referring cancer patients for specialized care. Referral barriers may also lessen physician career satisfaction. The study was aimed at determining what factors are associated with these barriers and whether greater barriers are associated with low career satisfaction...
BACKGROUNDInvestigations of long‐term cancer survivors (LTCS) indicate that this population is not appreciably different from cancer‐naive peers with respect to several neuropsychiatric domains. The current study sought to determine whether differences in psychiatric medication use might help to explain the negative findings.
METHODSIn a nationally representative sample, 5692 subjects were queried...
Advances in endoscopic imaging technology may improve sensitivity for the detection of bladder cancer and provide a more complete understanding of the urothelial landscape, and it also may lead to improved short‐term and long‐term cancer control. Fluorescence cystoscopy requires intravesical administration of a photosensitizing agent (5‐aminolevulinic acid or hexaminolevulinate), and imaging with...
BACKGROUNDThis study assessed attitudes of breast cancer patients toward molecular testing for personalized therapy and research.
METHODSA questionnaire was given to female breast cancer patients presenting to a cancer center. Associations between demographic and clinical variables and attitudes toward molecular testing were evaluated.
RESULTSThree hundred eight patients were approached, and 100...
BACKGROUNDVEGF signaling pathway inhibitor (anti‐VEGF) therapy is associated with hypertension, but little is known about predisposing clinical characteristics. This study describes the real‐world association between baseline clinical characteristics, blood pressure (BP) response, and survival in patients prescribed anti‐VEGF therapies.
METHODSClinical data from Partners HealthCare in Massachusetts...
BACKGROUNDCPX‐351 is a liposome‐encapsulated fixed‐molar‐ratio formulation of cytarabine and daunorubicin that exploits molar ratio–dependent drug‐drug synergy to enhance antileukemic efficacy.
METHODSThis phase II study randomized 125 patients 2:1 to CPX‐351 or investigators' choice of first salvage chemotherapy. Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first relapse after initial Complete...
BACKGROUNDInvitation to mammography screening of women aged 40 to 49 years is a matter of debate in many countries and a cost‐effective alternative in countries without screening among women aged 40 to 49 years could be inviting those at higher risk. The relative effectiveness of mammography screening was estimated for subgroups based on the breast cancer risk factors parity, age at time of birth...
BACKGROUNDLi‐Fraumeni syndrome is a rare genetic cancer predisposition syndrome caused by germline TP53 mutations. Up to 20% of mutation carriers develop cancer during childhood. The benefits of TP53 mutation testing of children are a matter of debate and knowledge of parent decision‐making around such testing is limited. The current study examined how parents make decisions regarding TP53 testing...
Urothelial cancer has long been known as a chemotherapy‐sensitive disease. However, clinical trial data to date suggest a plateau to the magnitude of benefit from cytotoxic therapy alone. In spite of level 1 evidence supporting cisplatin‐based chemotherapy for patients with muscle‐invasive and metastatic urothelial cancer, underuse prevails among patients with localized disease and only a modest survival...
BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to investigate associations between earlier caregiving experience and the development of physical impairments over the subsequent 6 years among family caregivers of patients with cancer.
METHODSFamily caregivers of cancer survivors participated in a nationwide survey 2 years after their relative's cancer diagnosis (T1) (N=1517) with follow‐up at 5 years (T2)...
BACKGROUNDTo understand the mechanism of frequent and early lymph node metastasis in high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV)–associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), this study investigated whether β‐catenin is regulated by the HPV oncoprotein and contributes to OPSCC metastasis.
METHODSExpression levels of p16, β‐catenin, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were examined in...
BACKGROUNDThe advantages of endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and computed tomography (CT)–positron emission tomography (PET) with respect to survival for esophageal cancer patients are unclear. This study aimed to assess the effects of EUS, CT‐PET, and their combination on overall survival with respect to cases not receiving these procedures.
METHODSPatients who were ≥66 years old when diagnosed with...
BACKGROUNDStandard biomarker testing of a single macroscopic disease site is unlikely to be sufficient because of tumor heterogeneity. A focus on examining global biomarker expression or activity, particularly in microscopic residual chemotherapy‐resistant disease, is needed for the appropriate selection of targeted therapies. This study was aimed at establishing a technique for the assessment of...
BACKGROUNDPleuropulmonary blastoma (PPB) has 3 subtypes on a tumor progression pathway ranging from type I (cystic) to type II (cystic/solid) and type III (completely solid). A germline mutation in DICER1 is the genetic cause in the majority of PPB cases.
METHODSPatients confirmed to have PPB by central pathology review were included, and their clinical characteristics and outcomes were reported...
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