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Trastuzumab‐based chemotherapy has dramatically improved outcomes for patients with all stages of human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐positive breast cancer. Additional HER2‐directed agents that have recently been approved are also expected to improve outcomes. Patients with small, lymph node‐negative, HER2‐positive breast cancers who are treated with trastuzumab‐based chemotherapy demonstrate...
BACKGROUNDSerious psychological distress (SPD) is associated with adverse health outcomes such as poor quality of life and shorter survival in cancer survivors, but to the authors' knowledge, the relationship between SPD and health care use and medical expenditures is not clear.
METHODSA total of 4326 cancer survivors and 57,109 noncancer participants were identified from the 2008 through 2010 Medical...
BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to investigate the prognostic value of the pretreatment circulating neutrophil count (CNC), circulating monocyte count (CMC), and circulating lymphocyte count (CLC) in human papillomavirus (HPV)–related (HPV+) and HPV‐unrelated (HPV–) oropharyngeal cancer (OPC).
METHODSAll p16‐confirmed HPV+ and HPV– OPC cases treated with chemoradiotherapy from 2000 to 2010...
BACKGROUNDThe optimal intensity of myeloablation delivered as part of a reduced‐intensity/toxicity conditioning (RIC/RTC) regimen to decrease the recurrence rate, without increasing nonrecurrence mortality (NRM), remains to be established.
METHODSThe current phase 2, prospective, multicenter trial aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of an RIC/RTC regimen based on busulfan at a dose of 130 mg/m...
BACKGROUNDThis study was aimed at investigating the change in the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) genotypes in tonsillar squamous cell carcinoma (TSCC) and the association of the HPV genotype with the prognosis.
METHODSThis multicenter study included 175 patients with TSCC from 3 general hospitals between 1991 and 2009. HPV DNA was detected in paraffin‐embedded tissues with genotyping chips...
BACKGROUNDHypomethylating agents have demonstrated activity in patients with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Preclinical and single‐arm trials have suggested that adding histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors may synergize the epigenetic modulation of hypomethylating agents and improve treatment results.
METHODSThe objective of this study was to evaluate the possible...
BACKGROUNDAdjuvant chemotherapy (AC) is frequently considered in patients with stage II colon cancer who are considered to be at high risk. However, to the authors' knowledge, the survival benefits associated with AC in these patients remain largely unproven. In the current study, the authors sought to examine the use of AC in patients with AJCC stage II colon cancer and to compare the impact of AC...
BACKGROUNDAn increased incidence of neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) has been reported worldwide, but the reasons underlying this rise have not been identified. By assessing patterns of metastatic presentation, this study sought to examine the epidemiologic characteristics of NETs and the contribution of early‐stage detection to the rising incidence.
METHODSA population‐based retrospective cohort study...
BACKGROUNDFollow‐up care is critical for childhood cancer survivors (CCS), who are at high risk for comorbidities and late effects of cancer treatments. Understanding the factors associated with maintaining follow‐up care is needed, especially for Hispanic CCS, who have been under‐represented in previous studies.
METHODSRisk factors and protective factors for receiving cancer‐related follow‐up care...
BACKGROUNDA clinical assay was implemented to perform next‐generation sequencing (NGS) of genes commonly mutated in multiple cancer types. This report describes the feasibility and diagnostic yield of this assay in 381 consecutive patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
METHODSClinical targeted sequencing of 23 genes was performed with DNA from formalin‐fixed, paraffin‐embedded (FFPE) tumor...
BACKGROUNDEwing sarcoma (ES) is driven by fusion of the Ewing sarcoma breakpoint region 1 gene (EWSR1) with an E26 transformation‐specific (ETS) transcription factor (EWS‐ETS), most often the Friend leukemia integration 1 transcription factor (FLI1). Neuropeptide Y (NPY) is an EWS‐FLI1 transcriptional target; it is highly expressed in ES and exerts opposing effects, ranging from ES cell death to angiogenesis...
BACKGROUNDUnderstanding tumor characteristics is likely important, but little is known about breast cancer patients' knowledge of their own disease. The authors assessed women's knowledge about their tumor characteristics, whether racial/ethnic disparities in knowledge exist, and whether education and health literacy influence associations.
METHODSA population‐based cohort of women in Northern California...
BACKGROUNDSimian virus 40 (SV40) has been considered to be an oncogenic viral agent in the development of osteosarcoma (OS), which to the authors' knowledge continues to be of unknown etiology.
METHODSIn the current study, serum samples from patients with OS were investigated with an indirect enzyme‐linked immunoadsorbent assay (ELISA) to test for the presence of immunoglobulin G antibodies, which...
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