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BACKGROUND
Lymph node metastases are an important cause of treatment failure for pediatric and adolescent/young adult (AYA) sarcoma patients. Nodal sampling is recommended for certain sarcoma subtypes that have a predilection for lymphatic spread. Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) may improve the diagnostic yield of nodal sampling, particularly when single‐photon emission computed tomography/computed...
BACKGROUND
Indicators of poor oral health, including smoking, have been associated with increased risk of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma, especially oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), yet few studies have examined whether this association is modified by human papillomavirus (HPV) status.
METHODS
Data from interviews and tumor HPV status from a large population‐based case‐control...
BACKGROUND
A 21‐gene expression assay (Oncotype DX recurrence score [RS]) that uses reverse transcriptase‐polymerase chain reaction is used clinically in patients with early‐stage, estrogen receptor (ER)‐positive, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)‐negative breast carcinoma (ER+/HER2‐ BC) to determine both prognosis with tamoxifen therapy and the usefulness of adding adjuvant chemotherapy...
BACKGROUND
Triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks estrogen, progesterone, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/neu receptors, and is aggressive and therapeutically challenging. Genetic ancestry testing is an emerging medical field. Mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), which is distinct from nuclear DNA, is maternally inherited and allows for origin determination. Patients with TNBC tend...
BACKGROUND
A key challenge to mining electronic health records for mammography research is the preponderance of unstructured narrative text, which strikingly limits usable output. The imaging characteristics of breast cancer subtypes have been described previously, but without standardization of parameters for data mining.
METHODS
The authors searched the enterprise‐wide data warehouse at the Houston...
BACKGROUND
Alveolar soft part sarcoma (ASPS), chondrosarcoma (CS), chordoma, epithelioid sarcoma, and solitary fibrous tumor (SFT) are malignant tumors that are relatively resistant to chemotherapy and for which more effective drug therapy is needed.
METHODS
The 5 listed subtypes were enrolled into a single indolent sarcoma cohort in a phase 2 study of dasatinib using a Bayesian continuous monitoring...
Although androgen‐deprivation therapy (ADT) remains the mainstay of castration‐sensitive prostate cancer (CSPC) therapy, the disease's heterogeneity and the limited duration of the response have chaperoned the introduction of chemotherapy and the investigation of novel hormonal targeted agents in this setting. Combinations of ADT plus chemotherapy or novel hormonal therapies are being tested at various...
BACKGROUND
Although poor adherence to hormonal therapies such as aromatase inhibitors (AIs) is widely documented, to the authors' knowledge less is known regarding whether health beliefs predict treatment nonadherence. The objective of the current study was to evaluate the relationship between health beliefs (perceived susceptibility to breast cancer, perceived benefits of AI treatment, and perceived...
BACKGROUND
The 21‐gene recurrence score (RS) assay stratifies early‐stage, estrogen receptor–positive breast cancer by recurrence risk. Few studies have examined the ways in which physicians use the RS to recommend adjuvant systemic chemotherapy or patients' experiences with testing and decision making.
METHODS
This study surveyed 3880 women treated for breast cancer in 2013‐2014; they were identified...
BACKGROUND
Meeting quality of care standards in oncology is recognized as important by physicians, professional organizations, and payers. Data from a population‐based cohort of patients with prostate cancer were used to examine whether receipt of care was consistent with published consensus metrics and whether receiving high‐quality care was associated with less patient‐reported treatment decisional...
BACKGROUND
Intensity‐modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) is a technologically advanced and resource‐intensive method of delivering radiation therapy (RT) and is used to minimize toxicity for patients with head and neck cancer (HNC). Dependence on feeding tubes is a significant marker of toxicity of RT. The objective of this analysis was to compare the placement and duration of feeding tube use among...
BACKGROUND
Given the rarity of anal cancer and the technical aspects involved in radiation (RT) planning, the authors conducted a population‐based analysis evaluating the impact of radiation oncology facility volume on overall survival (OS) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the anal canal.
METHODS
The National Cancer Data Base (NCDB) was queried for patients with SCC of the anal...
BACKGROUND
The Patient‐Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS) was a National Institutes of Health‐funded initiative to develop measures of symptoms and function. Responsiveness is the degree to which a measure can detect underlying changes over time. The objective of the current study was to document the responsiveness of 8 PROMIS measures in a large, population‐based cancer cohort...
BACKGROUND
Mammographic calcifications can be a marker of malignancy, but their association with prognosis is less well established. In the current study, the authors examined the relationship between calcifications and breast cancer prognostic factors in the population‐based Carolina Mammography Registry.
METHODS
The current study included 8472 invasive breast cancers diagnosed in the Carolina...
The treatment of advanced renal cell carcinoma has posed a challenge for decades, in part because of common themes related to intrinsic resistance to cytotoxic chemotherapy and the obscure biology of these cancer types. Forward movement in the treatment of the renal cell carcinomas thus can be approached in 2 ways: by splitting the tumor types along histologic and molecular features, in the hopes...
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