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BACKGROUND:The medical community lacks results from prospective controlled multicenter studies of the diagnostic efficacy of 5‐aminolevulinic acid (5‐ALA) cystoscopy on tumor recurrence in patients with superficial bladder tumors.
METHODS:A prospective randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled study was conducted in 370 patients with nonmuscle‐invasive urinary bladder carcinoma who received either...
BACKGROUND:Although HPV 16 is the most common HPV genotype associated with cancerous lesions of the cervix, only a fraction of HPV 16 infected women are diagnosed with precancerous lesions of the cervix. Therefore, molecular changes in HPV 16, rather than infections per se, may serve as better screening or diagnostic biomarkers. The purpose of the study was to evaluate whether methylation status of...
BACKGROUND:The effect of body mass index (BMI) on treatment outcomes for patients with locally advanced cervical carcinoma who receive definitive chemoradiation is unclear.
METHODS:The cohort in this study included all patients with cervical carcinoma (n = 404) who had stage IB1 disease and positive lymph nodes or stage ≥IB2 disease and received treatment at the authors' facility between January...
BACKGROUND:Romiplostim is a peptibody protein that augments thrombopoiesis by activating the thrombopoietin receptor.
METHODS:In this phase 2, multicenter, open‐label study, 28 thrombocytopenic patients with lower risk myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) were assigned to receive romiplostim 750 μg administered subcutaneously either weekly or biweekly or administered as biweekly intravenous injections...
BACKGROUND:The UHRF1 gene possesses an essential role in DNA methylation maintenance, but its contribution to tumor suppressor gene hypermethylation in primary human cancers currently remains unclear.
METHODS:mRNA expression levels of UHRF1, DNMT1, DNMT3A, DNMT3B, and E2F1 were evaluated in 105 primary nonsmall cell lung carcinomas by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. The methylation status...
BACKGROUND:Myeloma survival varies markedly with International Staging System classification, presence of cytogenetic abnormalities, and, especially, gene expression profiling‐based risk and delTP53 status, whose collective impact has not been examined in the context of specific therapies.
METHODS:The authors examined overall survival (OS), event‐free survival (EFS), and complete response duration...
BACKGROUND:Although the use of SSM is becoming more common, there are few data on long‐term, local‐regional, and distant recurrence rates after treatment. The purpose of this study was to examine the rates of local, regional, and systemic recurrence, and survival in breast cancer patients who underwent skin‐sparing mastectomy (SSM) or conventional mastectomy (CM) at our institution.
METHODS:Patients...
BACKGROUND:The incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is increasing in the United States, and the care of these patients remains highly specialized and complex. Multiple treatment options are available for HCC but their use and effectiveness remain unknown.
METHODS:Using Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER)‐Medicare linked data, 8730 patients who were diagnosed with HCC between...
BACKGROUND:It is important to maintain high‐quality cancer care while reducing spending. This requires an understanding of how stakeholders define “quality.” The objective of this literature review was to understand the perceptions patients, physicians, and managed care professionals have about quality cancer care, especially chemotherapy.
METHODS:A computerized literature search was conducted for...
BACKGROUND:The use of 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron‐emission tomography (PET) scan has increased considerably in the clinical management of non‐Hodgkin lymphoma patients, and its role as a prognostic factor during chemotherapy has been established recently.
METHODS:Between May 2003 and May 2009, 91 newly diagnosed patients with primary mediastinal large B‐cell lymphoma (PMLBCL) and diffuse large...
BACKGROUND:Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in first relapse is associated with a poor outcome even when treated with intermediate‐ to high‐dose cytarabine (IHDAraC). Gemtuzumab ozogamycin (GO) used as a single agent has clinical activity in relapsed and refractory AML. Various combination regimens of GO have been developed, but few data are available regarding their efficacy compared with IHDAraC‐based...
BACKGROUND:The overall burden of cancer may increase as individuals with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) live longer because of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), which has been widely available since 1996.
METHODS:A population‐based, record‐linkage study identified cancers in 472,378 individuals with AIDS from 1980 to 2006. By using nonparametric competing‐risk methods, the...
BACKGROUND: This study was designed to assess the activity and safety of dose‐adjusted infusional cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone chemotherapy with rituximab (DA‐POCH‐R) in elderly patients with poor‐prognostic untreated diffuse large B‐cell non‐Hodgkin lymphoma (DLBCL). METHODS: From April 2006 to November 2009, 23 patients, aged ≥70 years, with an age‐adjusted International...
BACKGROUND:Performance status (PS) is a good prognostic factor in lung cancer and is used to assess chemotherapy appropriateness. Researchers studying chemotherapy use are often hindered by the unavailability of PS in automated data sources. To the authors' knowledge, no attempts have been made to estimate PS using claims‐based measures. The current study explored the ability to estimate PS using...
Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a progressive and often fatal myeloproliferative neoplasm. The hallmark of CML is an acquired chromosomal translocation known as the Philadelphia chromosome (Ph), which results in the synthesis of the breakpoint cluster region‐Abelson murine leukemia (BCR‐ABL) fusion oncoprotein, a constitutively active tyrosine kinase. The introduction of imatinib, a tyrosine kinase...
BACKGROUND:The growing diversity of the population of the United States and the high burden of cancer‐related symptoms reflect the need for caregiver research within underserved groups. In this longitudinal study, the authors assessed changes in symptom severity in caregivers and underserved minority patients diagnosed with advanced solid tumors who were being treated at public hospitals.
METHODS:A...
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