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BACKGROUNDTo understand the mechanism of frequent and early lymph node metastasis in high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV)–associated oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), this study investigated whether β‐catenin is regulated by the HPV oncoprotein and contributes to OPSCC metastasis.
METHODSExpression levels of p16, β‐catenin, and epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) were examined in...
The discovery of “driver” genomic alterations in patients with non‐small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has dramatically changed the field of thoracic oncology in recent years. The best understood of these molecular drivers are those involving the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), which when aberrantly activated are integral to the development of a subset of NSCLC tumors. First‐generation and second‐generation...
BACKGROUNDPrognostic variables are independently associated with survival and are fundamental to clinical trial design. In the current study, the authors evaluated the impact of stage of disease at the time of the initial diagnosis on overall survival (OS) in 2 independent, oncogene‐defined cohorts.
METHODSAll patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)‐mutant and KRAS‐mutant metastatic...
BACKGROUNDCyclooxygenase 2 (COX‐2)‐dependent signaling represents a potential mechanism of resistance to therapy with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This is mediated in part through an EGFR‐independent activation of mitogen‐activated protein kinase (MAPK)/extracellular signal‐regulated kinase (Erk) by prostaglandin E2 (PGE2). PGE2 promotes downregulation of E cadherin...
BACKGROUNDEpidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) exon 20 insertions (exon20ins) represent approximately 10% of EGFR‐mutant lung adenocarcinomas, and are associated with resistance to EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Clinical outcomes in comparison with patients with sensitizing EGFR mutations are not well established.
METHODSPatients with stage IV lung adenocarcinomas with EGFR exon20ins...
BACKGROUNDAlthough heregulin and human epidermal growth factor receptor 3 (HER3) are frequently expressed at high levels in patients with head and neck cancer, their prognostic value remains unclear. The authors explored the prognostic significance of heregulin/HER3 expression in patients with oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), taking into account other HER family members as well as p16...
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