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BACKGROUNDData on health‐related quality of life (HRQoL) changes among Americans aged ≥65 following colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis and treatment are limited. This study compared HRQoL changes among CRC patients across stages from before to after diagnosis with matched noncancer controls.
METHODSThis population‐based study used the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Medicare Health Outcomes...
BACKGROUNDPrevious reports have described differences in biology and outcome for colorectal cancer based on whether the primary is right or left sided. Further division by right, left, and rectum or even exact primary site has also been explored. Possible differences in response to biological agents have also been reported based on side of primary lesion.
METHODSWe explored the South Australian registry...
BACKGROUNDEmerging evidence from observational studies has suggested that metformin may be beneficial in the primary prevention of colorectal cancer (CRC). However, to the authors' knowledge, none of these studies was conducted in a US population. Because environmental factors such as Western diet and obesity are implicated in the causation of CRC, a large case‐control study was performed to assess...
BACKGROUNDColorectal cancer (CRC) screening is underused by minority populations, and patient navigation increases adherence with screening colonoscopy. In this study, the authors estimated the cost‐effectiveness of navigation for screening colonoscopy from the perspective of a payer seeking to improve population health.
METHODSA validated model of CRC screening was informed with inputs from navigation...
BACKGROUNDCurrent literature suggests that racial/ethnic minority survivors may be more likely than whites to experience economic hardship after a cancer diagnosis; however, little is known about such hardship.
METHODSPatients with lung cancer (LC) and colorectal cancer (CRC) participating in the Cancer Care Outcomes Research and Surveillance (CanCORS) Consortium were surveyed approximately 4 months...
BACKGROUNDRAS and PIK3CA mutations in metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) have been associated with worse survival. We sought to evaluate the impact of RAS and PIK3CA mutations on cumulative incidence of metastasis to potentially curable sites of liver and lung and other sites such as bone and brain.
METHODSWe performed a computerized search of the electronic medical record of our institution for...
BACKGROUND
Colorectal cancers (CRCs) that have microsatellite instability (MSI) and mutL homolog 1 (MLH1) immunoloss are observed in 3 clinical scenarios: Lynch syndrome (LS), sporadic MSI CRC, and Lynch‐like syndrome (LLS). v‐Raf murine sarcoma viral oncogene homolog B1 (BRAF) mutational analysis is used to differentiate LS from sporadic MSI CRC. The role of MLH1 promoter methylation status for...
BACKGROUNDDisparities in cancer screening, incidence, treatment, and survival are worsening globally. The mortality‐to‐incidence ratio (MIR) has been used previously to evaluate such disparities.
METHODSThe MIR for colorectal cancer is calculated for all Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) countries using the 2012 GLOBOCAN incidence and mortality statistics. Health system...
BACKGROUNDThere are many treatment options for metastatic colorectal cancer (CRC). However, to the authors' knowledge, national treatment patterns for metastatic CRC, and the stability of hospital treatment patterns over time, have not been well described.
METHODSData from the 2006 through 2011 National Cancer Data Base were used to study adults with newly diagnosed metastatic CRC (84,161 patients...
BACKGROUNDPIWI‐interacting RNAs (piRNAs), which are a novel type of identified small noncoding RNA (ncRNA), play a crucial role in germline development and carcinogenesis.
METHODSBy systematically screening all known piRNAs, the authors identified 7 common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in 9 piRNAs. Associations between these selected SNPs and the risk of colorectal cancer (CRC) were detected...
BACKGROUNDThe current study was performed to determine whether patient characteristics, including race/ethnicity, were associated with patient‐reported care coordination for patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) who were treated in the Veterans Affairs (VA) health care system, with the goal of better understanding potential goals of quality improvement efforts aimed at improving coordination.
METHODSThe...
BACKGROUNDPatients with colorectal cancer (CRC) who undergo cancer surgeries with higher‐volume providers may have better outcomes. The current debate focuses on whether it is hospital volume or surgeon volume that matters more.
METHODSThe authors conducted a nationwide population‐based study in Taiwan that enrolled all patients who underwent definitive surgery for newly diagnosed CRC between 2005...
BACKGROUND
Ethnic minorities, especially African Americans and Latinos, bear a disproportionate burden of colorectal cancer (CRC), as reflected in incidence, cancer stage, and mortality statistics. In all ethnic groups, first‐degree relatives (FDRs) of CRC cases are at an elevated disease risk. However, underuse of CRC screening persists and is particularly evident among minority groups. The current...
BACKGROUNDThe preponderance of observational studies describe an association between the use of estrogen alone and a lower incidence of colorectal cancer. In contrast, no difference in the incidence of colorectal cancer was seen in the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) randomized, placebo‐controlled trial with estrogen alone after a mean intervention of 7.1 years and cumulative follow‐up of 13.2 years...
BACKGROUNDThe effectiveness of fecal immunochemical testing (FIT) in reducing colorectal cancer (CRC) mortality has not yet been fully assessed in a large, population‐based service screening program.
METHODSA prospective cohort study of the follow‐up of approximately 5 million Taiwanese from 2004 to 2009 was conducted to compare CRC mortality for an exposed (screened) group and an unexposed (unscreened)...
BACKGROUNDInvestigations of folate‐mediated one‐carbon metabolism (FOCM) genes and gene‐nutrient interactions with respect to colorectal cancer (CRC) risk are limited to candidate polymorphisms and dietary folate. This study comprehensively investigated associations between genetic variants in FOCM and CRC risk and whether the FOCM nutrient status modified these associations.
METHODSTwo hundred eighty‐eight...
BACKGROUNDNortheastern states of the United States have shown more progress in reducing colorectal cancer (CRC) incidence and mortality rates than Southern states, and this has resulted in considerable disparities. This study quantified how the disparities in CRC rates between Louisiana (a Southern state) and New Jersey (a Northeastern state) would be affected if differences in risk factors, screening,...
BACKGROUNDColorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common cancers in the world. A newly proposed integrated pathway comprising traditional, alternate, and serrated pathways by genetic and epigenetic factors was defined recently and hypothesized to play a role in the pathogenesis of CRC; however, to the authors' knowledge, there is a paucity of information regarding these proposed molecular pathways...
BACKGROUNDColorectal cancer (CRC) screening programs based on the fecal immunochemical test (FIT) were found to reduce overall CRC surgery rates, but to the authors’ knowledge data by subsite are lacking. The objective of the current study was to assess the impact of FIT‐based screening on proximal and distal CRC surgical resection rates.
METHODSThe Veneto region in Italy can be subdivided into 3...
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