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BACKGROUND
Robust comparisons of population‐based cancer survival estimates require tight adherence to the study protocol, standardized quality control, appropriate life tables of background mortality, and centralized analysis. The CONCORD program established worldwide surveillance of population‐based cancer survival in 2015, analyzing individual data on 26 million patients (including 10 million...
BACKGROUND
Providing high‐quality medical care for individuals with cancer during their last year of life involves a range of challenges. An important component of high‐quality care during this critical period is ensuring optimal patient satisfaction. The objective of the current study was to assess factors influencing health care ratings among individuals with cancer within 1 year before death....
BACKGROUND
Previous work on difficult relationships between patients and physicians has largely focused on the adult primary care setting and has typically held patients responsible for challenges. Little is known about experiences in pediatrics and more serious illness; therefore, we examined difficult relationships between parents and physicians of children with cancer.
METHODS
This was a cross‐sectional,...
BACKGROUND
American Indian and Alaska Native (AI/AN) breast cancer survivors experience disparities in breast cancer incidence and age‐adjusted mortality compared with non‐Hispanic white (NHW) breast cancer survivors. In addition, mortality‐to‐incidence rates indicate that AI/ANs continue to have the poorest survival from breast cancer compared with other racial groups. “Native American Cancer Education...
BACKGROUND
Individuals from disadvantaged communities are among the millions of uninsured Americans gaining insurance under the Affordable Care Act. The extent to which health insurance can mitigate the effects of the social determinants of health on cancer care is unknown.
METHODS
This study linked the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registries to US Census data to study patients diagnosed...
BACKGROUND
Physical activity (PA) has been linked to a lower risk of developing and dying of cancer, yet many cancer survivors do not exercise. In the current study, the authors evaluated the impact of the LIVESTRONG at the YMCA exercise program, available at Young Men's Christian Associations (YMCAs) across the United States, on PA, fitness, quality of life, fatigue, body composition, serum biomarkers,...
BACKGROUND
Although the safety of combination chemotherapy without primary tumor resection (PTR) in patients with stage IV colon cancer has been established, questions remain regarding a potential survival benefit with PTR. The objective of this study was to compare mortality rates in patients who had colon cancer with unresectable metastases who did and did not undergo PTR.
METHODS
An observational...
Epidural metastases occur in 5% to 10% of cancer patients and represent a neurological emergency. Patients most commonly present with an acute onset of motor weakness, and restoration of neurological function is critically dependent on prompt diagnosis and treatment. This review discusses the clinical, epidemiological, and radiological features associated with epidural metastases and resulting spinal...
BACKGROUND
Overall survival (OS) is considered the gold standard for determining treatment efficacy in oncology trials, but the relation between treatment and OS can be challenging to assess because of long study durations and the impact of subsequent therapies on outcome. Using OS can be particularly difficult for new therapies in hematologic malignancies (HMs).
METHODS
This retrospective analysis...
BACKGROUND
Patient‐reported outcomes (PROs) (eg, symptoms, functioning) can inform patient management. However, patients and clinicians often have difficulty interpreting score meaning. The authors tested approaches for presenting PRO data to improve interpretability.
METHODS
This mixed‐methods study included an Internet survey of cancer patients/survivors, oncology clinicians, and PRO researchers...
BACKGROUND
Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) causes upper and lower respiratory tract infections (URIs and LRIs, respectively) in healthy and immunocompromised patients; however, its clinical burden in patients with cancer remains unknown.
METHODS
In a retrospective study of all laboratory‐confirmed hMPV infections treated at the authors’ institution between April 2012 and May 2015, clinical characteristics,...
BACKGROUND
To the authors’ knowledge, little is known regarding the relationship between patients’ and families’ satisfaction with aggressive end‐of‐life care. Herein, the authors examined the associations between episodes of aggressive care (ie, chemotherapy, mechanical ventilation, acute hospitalizations, and intensive care unit admissions) within the last 30 days of life and families’ evaluations...
BACKGROUND
Holocaust survivors during World War II were exposed to various factors that are associated with cancer risk. The objective of this study was to determine whether Holocaust survivors had an increased risk for developing cancer.
METHODS
The study population included 152,622 survivors. The main analysis was based on a comparison between individuals who were entitled to compensation for...
BACKGROUND
Concurrent chemoradiation (CCRT) and upfront surgery followed by adjuvant therapy both are recommended treatment options for patients with advanced stage squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the tonsil. To the authors' knowledge, the question of whether surgical‐based treatments can achieve better survival compared with CCRT has never been compared in a clinical trial. The authors analyzed...
BACKGROUND
Data on the incidence of adverse liver outcomes are limited for cancer patients with chronic (hepatitis B surface antigen [HBsAg]–positive/hepatitis B core antibody [anti‐HBc]–positive) or past (HBsAg‐negative/anti‐HBc–positive) hepatitis B virus (HBV) after chemotherapy. This study was aimed at determining the impact of test timing and anti‐HBV therapy on adverse liver outcomes in these...
BACKGROUND
Introduction of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination for adolescent girls is being considered in the Punjab state of India. However, evidence regarding cost‐effectiveness is sought by policy makers when making this decision. The current study was undertaken to evaluate the incremental cost per quality‐adjusted life‐years (QALYs) gained with introduction of the HPV vaccine compared with...
BACKGROUND
Demoralization refers to a state in which there is a perceived inability to cope, that is associated with a sense of disheartenment and a loss of hope and meaning. This study investigated the co‐occurrence versus independence of demoralization with mental disorders and suicidal ideation to evaluate its features as a concept of distress in the context of severe illness.
METHODS
In a cross‐sectional...
The platinum‐free interval is the most important predictive factor of a response to subsequent lines of chemotherapy and the most important prognostic factor for progression‐free and overall survival in patients with recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. A nonplatinum regimen is generally considered the most appropriate approach when the disease recurs very early after the end of chemotherapy, whereas...
BACKGROUND
The objective of this study was to determine the impact of modeling cancer drug wastage in economic evaluations because wastage can result from single‐dose vials on account of body surface area– or weight‐based dosing.
METHODS
Intravenous chemotherapy drugs were identified from the pan‐Canadian Oncology Drug Review (pCODR) program as of January 2015. Economic evaluations performed by...
BACKGROUND
Cancer patients' symptom burden is commonly attributed to their cancer and treatment. Increasingly, cancer patients have many other chronic comorbid conditions. However, the degree to which these comorbid conditions may contribute to the patient‐reported symptom burden is unclear.
METHODS
This study explored the relations between the presence of comorbid conditions, the symptom experience...
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