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Background
Surveillance recommendations for patients with low‐risk, non–muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) are based on limited evidence. The objective of this study was to add to the evidence by assessing outcomes after frequent versus recommended cystoscopic surveillance.
Methods
This was a retrospective cohort study of patients diagnosed with low‐risk (low‐grade Ta (AJCC)) NMIBC from 2005...
Diffuse large B‐cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a clinically and biologically heterogeneous disease. Diagnostic tools in the clinic can now identify distinct subsets characterized by unique molecular features, which are increasingly transforming how these patients are managed. Activated B–cell‐like DLBCL is characterized by NF‐κB activation and chronic B‐cell receptor signaling and may be targeted with lenalidomide...
Background
Patients with advanced, incurable cancer who understand their illness is incurable are more likely to prefer hospice care at the end of life compared with patients who believe their illness is curable. To the authors' knowledge, it is unclear whether patient‐caregiver agreement regarding perceived prognosis is associated with hospice enrollment.
Methods
The current study examined the...
Background
Achieving a pathologic complete response (pCR) with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC) in patients with muscle‐invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) has been associated with improved overall survival (OS). This study was aimed at evaluating the impact of pathologic downstaging (pDS; ie, a pT stage at least 1 stage lower than the pre‐NAC cT stage) on the OS of patients with MIBC treated with NAC....
Background
Because the addition of nimotuzumab to chemoradiation in patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer improved outcomes in a phase 2 study, the authors conducted a phase 3 study to confirm these findings.
Methods
This open‐label, investigator‐initiated, phase 3, randomized trial was conducted from 2012 to 2018. Adult patients with locally advanced head and neck cancer who were...
Background
General populations of black women have a higher risk of developing breast cancer negative for both estrogen receptor (ER) and progesterone receptor (PR) in comparison with white counterparts. Racial differences remain unknown in the risk of developing aggressive invasive breast cancer (IBC) that is characterized by negativity for both ER and PR (ER–PR–) or higher 21‐gene recurrence scores...
Background
The objective of this study was to evaluate local control for patients with intermediate‐risk rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) treated on Children's Oncology Group (COG) protocol ARST0531.
Methods
This study analyzed 424 patients with intermediate‐risk RMS. Patients were randomized to chemotherapy with either vincristine, dactinomycin, and cyclophosphamide (VAC) or VAC alternating with vincristine...
Background
Anxiety is a common patient concern and clinical endpoint in prostate cancer outcomes research. It is measured using different self‐report instruments that are not directly comparable, thereby making clinical trials, clinical performance measurement, and comparative effectiveness research challenging when anxiety is the outcome of interest. The objective of the current study was to enable...
Background
The eighth edition of the American Joint Committee on Cancer staging manual (AJCC8) added depth of invasion to the definition of pathologic T stage (pT). In the current study, the authors assess pT stage migration and the prognostic performance of the updated pT stage and compare it with other clinicopathologic variables in patients with early squamous cell carcinoma of the oral tongue...
Background
The inherited predisposition to developing specific histologic subtypes of invasive breast carcinoma has been incompletely investigated. By using a large, population‐based database, the authors sought to investigate familial clustering of breast cancer by histologic subtype.
Methods
By using the Utah Population Database, which links genealogy records to the National Cancer Institute's...
A universal health care system has been a source of both identity and pride for Canadians for the last 6 decades. Currently, Canada actively negotiates the prices of cancer drugs but is not immune to their overwhelming financial toxicities. Prices of cancer drugs are set to ensure maximal profit based on what the market will bear rather than by the value they offer or solely because of the cost of...
Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) who achieve a morphologic complete remission still can have measurable residual disease (MRD) detected by multiparametric flow cytometry, molecular methods, or cytogenetics. Such patients with MRD have a high risk of disease recurrence over a short timeframe, but optimal treatment strategies are unknown. Outcomes with conventional treatment, including allogeneic...
Background
Universal tumor testing for defective DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is recommended for all women diagnosed with endometrial cancer to identify those with underlying Lynch syndrome. However, the effectiveness of these screening methods in identifying individuals with Lynch syndrome across the population has not been well studied. The aim of this study was to evaluate outcomes of MMR immunohistochemistry...
Background
Certain patients with intermediate‐risk prostate cancer (PCa) may be appropriate candidates for active surveillance (AS). In the current study, the authors sought to characterize AS use and early mortality outcomes for patients with intermediate‐risk PCa in the United States.
Methods
The novel Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Active Surveillance/Watchful Waiting database identified...
Background
Response patterns with immune checkpoint inhibitors may be different from those with chemotherapy. Therefore, assessment of response to immunotherapy with the Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST), version 1.1, could result in premature treatment termination. The randomized, open‐label, phase 3 CheckMate 141 trial (NCT02105636), which evaluated nivolumab in recurrent/metastatic...
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