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BACKGROUND:Traditional single‐marker and multimarker molecular profiling approaches in bladder cancer do not account for major risk factors and their influence on clinical outcome. This study examined the prognostic value of molecular alterations across all disease stages after accounting for clinicopathological factors and smoking, the most common risk factor for bladder cancer in the developed world,...
BACKGROUND:The objectives of this study were to evaluate survival among current smokers, former smokers, and never smokers who are diagnosed with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
METHODS:The study included patients who participated in the National Comprehensive Cancer Network's NSCLC Database Project. Current, former, and never smokers were compared with respect to overall survival by fitting...
BACKGROUND:The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) research team reported reduced lung cancer mortality among current and former smokers with a minimum 30 pack‐year history who were screened with spiral computed tomography scans compared with chest x‐rays. The objectives of the current study were to examine, at 1‐year follow‐up: 1) risk perceptions of lung cancer and smoking‐related diseases and...
BACKGROUND:Germline mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 (BRCA1/2) are related to an increased lifetime risk of developing breast and ovarian cancer. Although risk‐reducing salpingo‐oophorectomy reduces the risk of both cancers, loss of fertility is a major concern. A recent study suggested an association between BRCA1 mutation and occult primary ovarian insufficiency. The objective of the current study was...
BACKGROUNDUse of tobacco products, excessive alcohol consumption, and high‐risk sexual behaviors increase the risk of developing head and neck cancer and impacts treatment effectiveness after diagnosis. This study examined smoking and engagement in other modifiable behavioral risk factors and human papillomavirus (HPV) status in patients with head and neck cancer in order to facilitate identification...
BACKGROUNDA recent review of the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results registry suggested that patients with index squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oropharynx (SCCOP) are less likely to develop second primary malignancies (SPM) than patients with index SCC of nonoropharyngeal sites (oral cavity, larynx, hypopharynx). The objectives of this study were to determine the impact of index primary...
BACKGROUNDThe objective of this study was to examine the effect of tobacco use on disease control and late gastrointestinal and genitourinary toxicity in men undergoing external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for prostate cancer.
METHODSIn total, 633 men with known tobacco history at consultation underwent definitive EBRT between 1988 and 2008. Tobacco use was defined as positive (current or prior) or...
BACKGROUNDOral premalignant lesions (OPLs) are precursors of oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Short telomeres in peripheral blood leukocytes (PBLs) are associated with increased risks of several cancers. However, it is unclear whether short leukocyte telomere length (LTL) predisposes individuals to OPL and OSCC.
METHODSLTL was measured in PBLs from 266 patients who had a diagnosis of either OPL...
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