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Canada is a westernized, market‐economy nation with a publicly funded health care and cancer control system and has health indices reflective of a high‐resource economy. Provision of health services is in accord with the Canada Health Act and is implemented through federal, provincial, and territorial relations wherein federal funding partly provides support for the provincial/territorial delivery...
Adolescents and young adults (AYA) with advanced or terminal cancer have distinctive medical and psychosocial needs that may not have been adequately provided by either pediatric or adult palliative care services. A discussion group, as part of a larger workshop on AYA with cancer, was held in Toronto on March 11‐13, 2010;117:–. Recommendations were as follows: Develop a specific AYA screening tool...
The majority of children, adolescents, and young adults diagnosed with cancer will become long‐term survivors with many potential years of life ahead of them. Their journey from health through diagnosis and treatment to survivorship involves multiple transitions. Transitional services that should be available throughout this journey include health‐related education, health surveillance and screening,...
Currently, there is priority to address the complex needs of the adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer population. At a workshop in Toronto, the Canadian healthcare community brought together a broad range of stakeholders to discuss the opportunities and challenges of developing a nationwide strategy for AYA cancer patients. Summarized here is an overview of the workshop objectives and considerations...
Against a background of poorly coordinated provision of holistic care to the adolescent and young adult (AYA) cancer population, the Canadian National Task Force on Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology, which is supported by the Canadian Partnership Against Cancer and the C17 network, convened a workshop to formulate the components of a systematic approach to care for this age group. Because such a...
BACKGROUND:Data on sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy in children with melanoma are limited. In this study, the authors compared the factors associated with SLN biopsy use and metastases in pediatric and young adult patients with melanoma.
METHODS:The 2008 Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) databases were used to examine melanoma cases from 2003 to 2008. Data extracted include age,...
BACKGROUND:Since 1975, there has been a dramatic increase in the survival rates of pediatric and older cancer patients, but adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients ages 15 to 40 years have not had a similar improvement. Data indicate a direct correlation between increased cure rates and clinical trial enrollment.
METHODS:The authors previously published data indicating inferior clinical trial enrollment...
BACKGROUND:There are conflicting data regarding age as a prognostic factor in osteosarcoma. The authors conducted a study evaluating the impact of age on prognosis in children and young adults with osteosarcoma enrolled on North American cooperative group trials.
METHODS:Patients with high‐grade osteosarcoma of any site enrolled on North American cooperative group trials CCG‐7943, POG‐9754, INT‐0133,...
BACKGROUND:Adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with cancer demonstrate biomedical risks and psychosocial issues distinct from those of children or older adults. In this study, the authors examined and compared the extent to which AYAs treated in pediatric or adult oncology settings reported use of, and unmet need for, psychosocial support services.
METHODS:Within 4 months of initial cancer diagnosis,...
BACKGROUNDInformed consent for a pediatric oncology phase 1 trial is a delicate process, and is made more complex by the difficulty of the information and the requirement for parental consent, and patient assent when applicable. This analysis identifies suggestions for improving the informed consent process received from parents and adolescent and young adult patients (aged 14 years‐21 years) who...
BACKGROUNDTo reduce the risk of adjustment problems associated with hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) for adolescents/young adults (AYAs), we examined efficacy of a therapeutic music video (TMV) intervention delivered during the acute phase of HSCT to: 1) increase protective factors of spiritual perspective, social integration, family environment, courageous coping, and hope‐derived meaning;...
BACKGROUNDThyroid cancer is one of the 5 most common malignancies in adolescent and young adult (AYA) patients (ages 15‐39 years) and may develop de novo or in patients previously treated for cancer. This study compared the tumor characteristics, treatment, and overall survival (OS) of secondary malignant neoplasm (SMN) versus primary thyroid cancer in AYA patients.
METHODSAll cases of AYA thyroid...
BACKGROUNDYoung adults with cancer are at an increased risk of suicidal ideation. To the authors' knowledge, the impact of the patient‐oncologist alliance on suicidal ideation has not been examined to date. The current study examined the relationship between the patient‐oncologist therapeutic alliance and suicidal ideation in young adults with advanced cancer.
METHODSA total of 93 young adult patients...
BACKGROUNDAlthough rising incidence rates of testicular germ cell tumors have been well documented in white men, relatively little is known about rates in men of Hispanic origin. In the current study, the authors compared germ cell tumor trends between men of Hispanic and non‐Hispanic origin as a function of age at diagnosis.
METHODSTrends in testicular germ cell tumor incidence among white men were...
BACKGROUNDFollow‐up care is critical for childhood cancer survivors (CCS), who are at high risk for comorbidities and late effects of cancer treatments. Understanding the factors associated with maintaining follow‐up care is needed, especially for Hispanic CCS, who have been under‐represented in previous studies.
METHODSRisk factors and protective factors for receiving cancer‐related follow‐up care...
BACKGROUNDPoor accrual to cancer clinical trials may contribute to the lower improvement in survival observed for adolescents and young adults (AYAs) (those aged 15‐39 years) with cancer. This has been difficult to quantify without reliable mechanisms to link incident cases with study enrollments. Using unique resources available at their National Cancer Institute‐designated comprehensive cancer center,...
Each year, 70,000 adolescents and young adults (AYAs) between ages 15 and 39 years in the United States are diagnosed with cancer. In 2006, a National Cancer Institute (NCI) Progress Review Group (PRG) examined the state of science associated with cancer among AYAs. To assess the impact of the PRG and examine the current state of AYA oncology research, the NCI, with support from the LIVESTRONG Foundation,...
BACKGROUNDWith prior reports indicating a lack of progress in survival improvement in older adolescents and young adults (AYAs) aged 15 to 39 years with cancer compared with both younger and older patients with cancer, the current analysis provides an update of survival trends of cancers among AYAs, children, and older adults.
METHODSData from the National Cancer Institute Surveillance, Epidemiology,...
BACKGROUNDIncidence rates and trends of cancers in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) ages 15 to 39 years were reexamined a decade after the US National Cancer Institute AYA Oncology Progress Review Group was established.
METHODSData from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results program through 2011 were used to ascertain incidence trends since the year 2000 of the 40 most frequent cancers...
BACKGROUND
The impact of cancer on socioeconomic outcomes is attracting attention as the number of survivors of cancer in young age continues to rise. This study examines economic independence in a national cohort of survivors of cancer at a young age in Norway.
METHODS
Through the linkage of several national registries, the study cohort comprised 1,212,013 individuals born in Norway during 1965...
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