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BACKGROUND:The Advanced Renal Cell Carcinoma Sorafenib (ARCCS) program made sorafenib available to patients with advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) before regulatory approval.
METHODS:In this nonrandomized, open‐label expanded access program, 2504 patients from the United States and Canada were treated with oral sorafenib 400 mg twice daily. Safety and efficacy were explored overall and in subgroups...
BACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to review the outcome of women with breast cancer with known receptor status who were treated with whole brain radiotherapy for brain metastases and to determine factors that impact survival.
METHODS:A total of 223 women with breast cancer and brain metastases, who received whole brain radiotherapy, were identified. All women with HER‐2–positive disease...
BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to assess the role of systemic treatment after whole‐brain radiotherapy (WBRT) in immunohistochemically defined biological subsets of breast cancer patients with brain metastases.
METHODS:The group of 420 consecutive breast cancer patients with brain metastases treated at the same institution between the years of 2003 to 2009 was analyzed. Patients were divided...
BACKGROUNDThe risk of developing brain metastases after definitive treatment of locally advanced nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is approximately 30%‐50%. The risk for patients with early stage disease is less defined. The authors sought to investigate this further and to study potential risk factors.
METHODSThe records of all patients who underwent surgery for T1‐T2 N0‐N1 NSCLC at Duke University...
BACKGROUND.The optimal treatment of the primary tumor in patients with brain metastases (BM) from newly diagnosed nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear. The authors aimed to identify patient groups with synchronous BM for whom radical treatment of the primary site may be appropriate.
METHODS.The medical records of 167 patients treated at our center between November 2000 and June 2009...
BACKGROUND:One of the most common and deadly complications of melanoma is brain metastases. The outcomes of advanced melanoma patients who developed brain metastases were reviewed to identify significant prognostic factors for overall survival (OS).
METHODS:An institutional database of advanced melanoma patients enrolled on clinical trials in the Department of Melanoma Medical Oncology from 1986...
BACKGROUND:Brain metastases (BM) arising from triple‐negative breast cancer (TNBC) portend a poor prognosis. TNBC is more common in premenopausal and African‐American (AA) patients; both of these characteristics also confer a poor prognosis. In a single‐institution cohort study, the authors attempted to determine whether the inferior outcome noted with TNBC brain metastases is more reflective of a...
BACKGROUND:It is largely unknown to what extent new oncologic treatment options have improved survival of patients with brain metastasis in recent decades. Therefore, a multi‐institutional time‐staggered analysis was performed.
METHODS:Two cohorts of 103 patients each were analyzed, one treated between 2005 and 2009 and the other between 1983 and 1989, ie, approximately 20 years earlier. Stratified...
BACKGROUND:In this phase 1 trial, the authors evaluated sunitinib combined with radiation therapy (RT) for the treatment of primary or metastatic central nervous system (CNS) malignancies.
METHODS:Eligible patients had CNS malignancies that required a (minimum) 2‐week course of RT. Sunitinib (37.5 mg) was administered daily for the duration of RT with optional treatment extension of 1 month. Urine...
BACKGROUND:Metastases to the brain represent a feared complication and contribute to the morbidity and mortality of breast cancer. Despite improvements in therapy, prognostic factors for development of metastases are lacking. KISS1 is a metastasis suppressor that demonstrates inhibition of metastases formation in several types of cancer. The purpose of this study was to determine the importance of...
BACKGROUND:Salvage stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) is often considered in breast cancer patients previously treated for brain metastases. The goal of this study was to analyze clinical outcomes and prognostic factors for survival in the salvage setting.
METHODS:The authors retrospectively examined 79 consecutive breast cancer patients who received salvage SRS (interval of >3 months after initial...
BACKGROUND:To perform a meta‐analysis on newly diagnosed brain metastases patients treated with whole‐brain radiotherapy (WBRT) and stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) boost versus WBRT alone, or in patients treated with SRS alone versus WBRT and SRS boost.
METHODS:The meta‐analysis primary outcomes were overall survival (OS), local control (LC), and distant brain control (DBC). Secondary outcomes were...
BACKGROUND:Patients with brain metastases who have a favorable survival prognosis may benefit from intensive treatments, including neurosurgery and radiosurgery. However, many patients cannot receive such treatments, and whole‐brain radiotherapy (WBRT) alone is their only option. The most common WBRT schedule is 30 grays (Gy) in 10 fractions. In this retrospective study, the authors investigated whether...
BACKGROUND:The objective of this study was to describe clinicopathologic features, patterns of recurrence, and survival according to breast cancer subtype with a focus on triple‐negative tumors.
METHODS:In total, 15,204 women were evaluated who presented to National Comprehensive Cancer Network centers with stage I through III breast cancer between January 2000 and December 2006. Tumors were classified...
BACKGROUNDThe prognosis of metastatic melanomas to the brain (MBM) is variable with prolonged survival in a subset. It is unclear whether MBM differ from extracranial metastases (EcM) and primary melanomas (PrM).
METHODSTo study the biology of MBM, histopathologic analysis of tumor blocks from patients' craniotomy samples and whole‐genome expression profiling (WGEP) with confirmatory immunohistochemistry...
BACKGROUNDThis study tested the hypothesis that time of day of treatment with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) has an effect on local control (LC) and overall survival (OS) in a large cohort of patients with non–small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) brain metastases.
METHODSAt Washington University in St. Louis, 437 patients with NSCLC were treated with SRS for NSCLC brain metastases. Receiver operating...
BACKGROUNDNeurosurgical resection and whole‐brain radiation therapy (WBRT) are accepted treatments for single and oligometastatic cancer to the brain. To avoid the decline in neurocognitive function (NCF) linked to WBRT, the authors conducted a prospective, multicenter, phase 2 study to determine whether surgery and carmustine wafers (CW), while deferring WBRT, could preserve NCF and achieve local...
BACKGROUNDInsurers have started to deny reimbursement for routine brain surveillance with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) after stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases in favor of symptom‐prompted imaging. The authors investigated the clinical and economic impact of symptomatic versus asymptomatic metastases and related these findings to the use of routine brain surveillance.
METHODSBetween...
BACKGROUNDDabrafenib has activity in patients with brain metastases, but little is known of the relative efficacy of treatment within and outside the brain. This study sought to examine the intracranial (IC) and extracranial (EC) patterns of response and progression in patients with active melanoma brain metastases treated with dabrafenib.
METHODSClinicopathologic parameters were collected on patients...
BACKGROUNDThe purpose of this study was to evaluate predictors of early distant brain failure (DBF) and salvage whole‐brain radiotherapy (WBRT) after treatment with stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases and create a clinically relevant risk score to stratify patients’ risk for these events.
METHODSThe records of 270 patients with brain metastases who were treated with SRS between 2003...
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